Behavioral thermoregulation of brook and rainbow trout: Comparison of summer habitat use in an Adirondack River, New York
Behavioral thermoregulation of brook and rainbow trout: Comparison of summer habitat use in an Adirondack River, New York
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DOI：
10.1577/t02-127
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发表时间：
2003-11-01
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Krueger, CC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Baird, OE;Krueger, CC
1997 年 6 月至 9 月，在五级阿迪朗达克河（纽约）中，使用内部植入的温度敏感无线电发射器监测了 15 条孵化场来源的鳟鱼和两条野生溪鳟鱼 Salvelinus fontinalis 以及孵化场来源的虹鳟鱼 Oncorhynchus mykiss 的体温。这些鱼被释放到12公里范围内，夏季的最高温度接近鲑鱼的致命温度。对不同物种的体温以及与河流的温度进行了比较。 1997年河流最高气温26.4℃，日平均最高气温25.0℃。溪鳟鱼通常比主河水流凉爽，因为它们使用主河内两个水池中五个支流交汇处或地下水排放区中的两个。 6月至9月，溪鳟鱼的温度平均比河流干流低2.3℃，与虹鳟鱼的温度差异显着（P = 0.002），虹鳟鱼的温度比河流低1.5℃。当河流温度为20℃或更高时，溪鳟鱼的平均温度比河流低4.0℃，与虹鳟鱼的平均温度差异显着（P = 0.002），虹鳟鱼的平均温度比河流低2.3℃。溪鳟鱼以及较小程度上的虹鳟鱼利用局部冷水区将体温降低到低于主河的温度。水池和一些支流交汇处的地下水排放区是行为温度调节的关键栖息地，因为它们在夏季提供了免受温暖河水影响的避难区。
The body temperatures of 15 hatchery-origin and two wild brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis and I I hatchery-origin rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss were monitored with internally implanted, temperature-sensitive radio transmitters from June through September 1997 in a fifth-order Adirondack river (New York). The fish were released into a 12-km reach that during summer had maximum temperatures near those that are lethal for salmonids. Body temperatures were compared between species and with river temperatures. In 1997, the maximum river temperature was 26.4degreesC, and the highest average daily temperature was 25.0degreesC. The brook trout were usually cooler than the main river flow because they used two of five tributary confluences or groundwater discharge areas in two pools within the main river. The temperatures of the brook trout from June through September were an average of 2.3degreesC cooler than the main flow of the river and differed significantly (P = 0.002) from those of the rainbow trout, which were 1.5degreesC cooler than the river. When the river temperatures were 20degreesC or higher, the mean temperatures of the brook trout were 4.0degreesC cooler than the river and differed significantly (P = 0.002) from those of the rainbow trout, which were 2.3degreesC cooler than the river. Brook trout, and to a lesser extent rainbow trout, used localized coolwater areas to lower their body temperatures below that of the main river. Groundwater discharge areas within pools and some tributary confluences were critical habitats for behavioral thermoregulation because they provided refuge areas from warm river water during the summer.