Detection of Aβ Monomers and Oligomers: Early Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease.
Detection of Aβ Monomers and Oligomers: Early Diagnosis of Alzheimer's Disease.
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DOI：
10.1002/asia.201501355
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发表时间：
2016-03
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Yanli Zhou;Lantao Liu;Yuanqiang Hao;Maotian Xu
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文献类型：
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作者：
Yanli Zhou;Lantao Liu;Yuanqiang Hao;Maotian Xu
阿尔茨海默病（AD）是最常见的进行性神经退行性疾病，其病理特征是由淀粉样蛋白-β肽（Aβ）组成的细胞外斑块沉积。Aβ的不同组装状态被认为是AD诊断和治疗的重要生物标志物和药物靶点。最近的研究表明，由Aβ单体聚集形成的小的、可扩散的Aβ低聚物是AD的主要毒性物质。因此，开发可靠的Aβ（单体和低聚物）检测方法对于痴呆的早期鉴别诊断、预测AD的进展以及监测新型抗Aβ药物治疗AD的有效性具有重要意义。本文综述了近年来Aβ单体和低聚物检测技术的研究进展。特别地，对这些传感器的设计原则进行了分类和总结。此外，评价了测定法的优点和缺点。本文还讨论了这些检测在阿尔茨海默病早期诊断中的应用的改进和挑战。
Alzheimer's disease (AD), as the most common progressive neurodegenerative disorder, is pathologically characterized by deposition of extracellular plaque composed of amyloid-β peptide (Aβ). Different assembled states of Aβ have been considered as both important biomarkers and drug targets for the diagnosis and therapy of AD. Recent studies demonstrate that small, diffusible Aβ oligomers formed by aggregation of Aβ monomers are the major toxic agents in AD. Therefore, the development of reliable assays for Aβ (both monomers and oligomers) will be important for the early differential diagnosis of dementia, predicting the progression of AD, as well as monitoring the effectiveness of novel anti-Aβ drugs for AD. In this review, we summarize the recent progress made in the development of techniques for detection of Aβ monomers and oligomers. In particular, the principles governing the design of these sensors are classified and summarized. Moreover, the advantages and disadvantages of the assays are evaluated. This review also discusses the improvements and challenges for application of these assays in the early diagnosis of AD.