Design and evolution of enzymes for non-natural chemistry
Design and evolution of enzymes for non-natural chemistry
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cogsc.2017.06.002
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发表时间：
2017-10-01
影响因子：
9.3
通讯作者：
Arnold, Frances H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hammer, Stephan C.;Knight, Anders M.;Arnold, Frances H.
酶用于生物催化过程中，用于高效和可持续地生产药物，香料，精细化学品和其他产品。大多数生物过程利用自然界中发现的化学，但我们现在正在进入一个远远超出生物催化的领域。酶已经被改造成催化以前只能用合成催化剂进行的反应。由于它们可以通过定向进化进行调整，许多这些新的生物催化剂已被证明可以高活性和选择性地进行非生物反应。我们讨论了最近的例子，展示了催化剂的改进实现了定向进化，并评论了一些当前和未来的影响，非天然酶的进化可持续的化学合成。
Enzymes are used in biocatalytic processes for the efficient and sustainable production of pharmaceuticals, fragrances, fine chemicals, and other products. Most bioprocesses exploit chemistry found in nature, but we are now entering a realm of biocatalysis that goes well beyond. Enzymes have been engineered to catalyze reactions previously only accessible with synthetic catalysts. Because they can be tuned by directed evolution, many of these new biocatalysts have been shown to perform abiological reactions with high activity and selectivity. We discuss recent examples, showcase catalyst improvements achieved using directed evolution, and comment on some current and future implications of nonnatural enzyme evolution for sustainable chemical synthesis.