Effect of salinity on the distribution, growth, and toxicity of Karenia spp.
Effect of salinity on the distribution, growth, and toxicity of Karenia spp.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.hal.2005.07.004
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发表时间：
2006-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Pennock, JR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brown, AFM;Dortch, Q;Pennock, JR
第一次记录到Karenia spp.的开花，1996年11月，在墨西哥北方湾（NGOMEX）的低盐度沃茨中发生了导致牡蛎中短尾轮虫毒素的事件。它提出了关于Karellia spp.耐盐性的问题，以前认为不太可能在盐度< 24 psu时发生，以及在NGOMEX中再次发生水华的可能性。研究了盐度对Karenia spp.的控制作用。利用1954年至2004年NGOMEX 1996年水华和佛罗里达沿海沃茨的数据，以及Karenia brevis（Davis）G.汉森和莫斯特鲁普。在NGOMEX爆发期间，Karenia Spp.在过去的50年里，在低盐度下比在佛罗里达沿海沃茨更频繁地被淹没。这些数据表明，NGOMEX水华开始于西北佛罗里达大陆架，所有地区的卡特尼亚属物种的频率较高。比佛罗里达其他地区的盐度低，并由热带风暴约瑟芬造成的不寻常的向西表面流输送。最低盐度在17.5和20 psu之间的培养发生，但最佳盐度范围在20或25的低值和37.5-45 psu的高值之间，这取决于克隆。研究了盐度对克氏藻一个无性系产毒的影响。短枝藻毒素的种类复杂，但在所有盐度下，短枝藻毒素水平在稳定生长期最高，这表明，老化、高密度的水华可能对公众健康构成最大威胁。结果表明，Karenia spp.在低盐度地区可能是一个公共卫生威胁，但在NGOMEX的风险相对较低。自1996年的事件以来，没有发生过水华，这可能与一系列特殊的条件有关：沿着佛罗里达狭长地带的水华和一场热带风暴，其路径建立了一个向西的电流。(c)2005 Elsevier B. V.保留所有权利。
The first recorded bloom of Karenia spp., resulting in brevetoxin in oysters, in the low salinity waters of the Northern Gulf of Mexico (NGOMEX) occurred in November 1996. It raised questions about the salinity tolerance of Karellia spp., previously considered unlikely to occur at salinities < 24 psu, and the likelihood that the bloom Would reoccur in the NGOMEX. Salinity was investigated as a factor controlling Karenia spp. abundance in the field, using data from the NGOMEX 1996 bloom and Florida coastal waters from 1954 to 2004, and growth and toxin production in cultures of Karenia brevis (Davis) G. Hansen and Moestrup. During the NGOMEX bloom, Karenia Spp. Occurred much more frequently at low salinities than in Florida coastal waters over the last 50 years. The data suggest that the NGOMEX bloom started on the NW Florida Shelf, ail area with a higher frequency of Kartnia spp. at low salinities than the rest of Florida, and was transported by an unusual westward surface current caused by Tropical Storm Josephine. The minimum salinity at which growth occurred in culture ranged between 17.5 and 20 psu, but the optimal salinity ranged between low values of 20 or 25 and high values of 37.5-45 psu, depending on the clone. The effect of salinity on toxin production in one clone of K. brevis was complex, but at all salinities brevetoxin levels were highest during the stationary growth phase, Suggesting that aging, high density blooms may pose the greatest public health threat. The results demonstrate that Karenia spp. can be a public health threat in low salinity areas, but the risk in the NGOMEX is relatively low. No bloom has occurred since the 1996 event, which was probably associated with a special set of conditions: a bloom along the Florida Panhandle and a tropical storm with a track that set up a westward current. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.