Increased sensitization in urban vs. rural environment - Rural protection or an urban living effect?
Increased sensitization in urban vs. rural environment - Rural protection or an urban living effect?
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/j.1399-3038.2006.00514.x
复制
发表时间：
2007-05-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Mantzouranis, Eva
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Priftis, Kostas N.;Anthracopoulos, Michael B.;Mantzouranis, Eva
在一项基于人群的纵向队列研究中，我们检验了一个假设，即在雅典盆地高交通污染的城市地区（UA）长大的儿童与在希腊省级农村地区（RA）长大的儿童相比，过敏和致敏的患病率更高。我们招募了478名和342名8-10岁的儿童，分别生活在UA和RA。通过父母填写的问卷在三个阶段评估呼吸系统健康：1995-96年（第1阶段）、1999-2000年（第2阶段）、2003-04年（第3阶段），并在第1和第2阶段对常见的室内和室外空气过敏原进行皮肤点刺试验。报告的哮喘和湿疹在两个地区之间没有差异，而报告的花粉热在UA中持续比在RA中更普遍（分别为16.5%，17.0%，18.2% vs. 7.0%，8.3%，9.6%）。在两个阶段，UA中的致敏性更普遍（第1阶段为19.0% vs. 12.1%，第2阶段为20.0% vs. 14.1%）。在第1阶段中，居住区对≥ 1种吸入性变应原致敏（OR：0.29; 95% CI：0.13-0.66; p = 0.003）和多致敏（OR：0.28; 95% CI：0.10-0.82; p = 0.020）有独立贡献。这些协会独立于农业实践。在第2阶段未发现显著贡献。我们的研究结果表明，长期暴露于城市环境与花粉热的患病率较高，但不是哮喘或湿疹。农村生活与儿童期特应性风险之间的负相关，这是独立的农业实践，意味着它主要是由城市生活的影响。
In a population-based longitudinal cohort study, we tested the hypothesis that children growing up in a high-traffic polluted urban area (UA) in the Athens' basin have higher prevalence of allergies and sensitization when compared with those growing up in a Greek provincial rural area (RA). We recruited 478 and 342 children aged 8-10 living in the UA and the RA, respectively. Respiratory health was assessed by a parent-completed questionnaire in three phases: 1995-96 (phase 1), 1999-2000 (phase 2), 2003-04 (phase 3) and skin-prick testing to common indoor and outdoor aeroallergens was performed at phases 1 and 2. Reported asthma and eczema did not differ between the two areas, whereas reported hay fever was persistently more prevalent in the UA than in the RA (16.5%, 17.0%, 18.2% vs. 7.0%, 8.3%, 9.6%, respectively). Sensitization was more prevalent in the UA at both phases (19.0% vs. 12.1% in phase 1, 20.0% vs. 14.1% in phase 2). Residential area contributed independently to sensitization to >= 1 aeroallergens (OR: 0.29; 95% CI: 0.13-0.66; p = 0.003) and to polysensitization (OR: 0.28; 95% CI: 0.10-0.82; p = 0.020) in phase 1. These associations were independent of farming practices. No significant contributions were found in phase 2. Our results suggest that long-term exposure to urban environment is associated with a higher prevalence of hay fever but not of asthma or eczema. The negative association between rural living and the risk of atopy during childhood, which is independent of farming practices, implies that it is mainly driven by an urban living effect.