Efficient visual search for multiple targets among categorical distractors : Effects of distractor-distractor similarity across trials
Efficient visual search for multiple targets among categorical distractors : Effects of distractor-distractor similarity across trials
复制标题
对分类干扰项中的多个目标进行有效的视觉搜索：试验中干扰项-干扰项相似性的影响
DOI：
10.1016/j.visres.2014.01.009
复制
发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ohkita;M.;& Jitsumori;M.
我们训练一组鸽子在未指定类别的非成员中寻找人工类别的成员。对于另一组鸽子，目标和干扰物的角色颠倒了。实验 1 发现，后一组对多个非成员的搜索表现出令人惊讶的高效。无论显示尺寸如何，该组中的搜索时间通常比前一组中的搜索时间更快。在实验2中，前一组的搜索效率随着目标类别的新颖、较差的范例而下降，而后一组继续表现出对该类别的新颖成员中的非成员的有效搜索。前一组通过实践最终发展出了对所有目标的高效搜索，但搜索时间仍然比后一组长。这些发现表明，干扰项之间的相似性，而不是目标之间的相似性，通过增强相对于搜索场景的全局上下文背景的目标显着性，促进了多个目标的搜索。
We trained one group of pigeons to search for members of an artificial category among category-unspecified nonmembers. For another group of pigeons, the roles of the targets and of the distractors were reversed. Experiment 1 found that the latter group showed surprisingly efficient search for multiple nonmembers. Search times in this group were generally faster than those in the former group, regardless of the display size. In Experiment 2, search efficiency of the former group decreased with novel, poor, exemplars of the target category, whereas the latter group continued to exhibit efficient search for the nonmembers among novel members of the category. The former group eventually developed efficient search for all the targets through practice, but search time remained longer than in the latter group. These findings suggest that distractor–distractor, not target–target, similarity across trials facilitates search for multiple targets, by enhancing target salience relative to global contextual background of search scene.