Epidemiology of colorectal polyps.
Epidemiology of colorectal polyps.
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DOI：
10.1007/s10151-004-0169-y
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发表时间：
2004-12-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Munizzi, F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Giacosa, A;Frascio, F;Munizzi, F
结直肠腺瘤性息肉的患病率在不同国家有很大差异。在无症状的平均风险患者中，腺瘤患病率在乙状结肠镜检查研究中平均约为10%，在结肠镜检查研究中超过25%，而这些患者中结直肠癌的患病率低于1%。由于新技术方法的出现，特别是染色体和放大内镜以及共聚焦激光内镜的出现，这些数据在未来可能会发生变化。正常内镜检查后3年内新发腺瘤的累积发生率，乙状结肠镜检查平均为7%，结肠镜检查平均为27%。就结直肠腺瘤的危险因素而言，现在有几个数据可以说明各种饮食项目的潜在作用。吸烟在腺瘤形成的早期阶段可能很重要，但在后期阶段不一定。饮酒增加腺瘤性结直肠息肉的风险，这似乎增加了ADH 3多态性。在结直肠肿瘤发生中另一个感兴趣的基因-环境关系可能是基于叶酸对K-ras突变的影响。
The prevalence of colorectal adenomatous polyps varies widely from country to country. Among asymptomatic, average-risk patients, adenoma prevalence averages approximately 10% in sigmoidoscopy studies and more than 25% in colonoscopy studies, whereas the prevalence of colorectal cancer among these patients is less than 1%. These data may change in the future due to the advent of new technological approaches and, in particular, chromo- and magnifying endoscopy as well as confocal laser endoscopy. The cumulative incidence of new adenomas within 3 years after normal endoscopy averages about 7% by flexible sigmoidoscopy and 27% by colonoscopy. As far as risk factors for colorectal adenomas are concerned, several data are now available on the potential role of various diet items. Tobacco smoking may be important in the early stages of adenoma formation, but not necessarily in the later stages. Alcohol consumption elevates the risk of adenomatous colorectal polyps and this seems increased by ADH3 polymorphism. Another gene-environment relationship of interest in colorectal tumorigenesis may be based on folate's effects on K-ras mutations.