Empathy examined through the neural mechanisms involved in imagining how I feel versus how you feel pain
Empathy examined through the neural mechanisms involved in imagining how I feel versus how you feel pain
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2005.07.015
复制
发表时间：
2006-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Decety, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jackson, PL;Brunet, E;Decety, J
换位思考是人类同理心的垫脚石。当与另一个人共情时，一个人可以想象另一个人如何感知这种情况并因此感受到。在类似的痛苦情境中，想象他人与想象自己有多大的不同？在这项功能性磁共振成像实验中，参与者被展示了人们在痛苦或非痛苦情况下的手或脚的照片，并被指示想象和评估从不同角度感知的疼痛程度。自我和他人的观点都与参与疼痛处理的神经网络的激活有关，包括顶叶盖，前扣带皮层（ACC; BA 32）和前扣带皮层。然而，自我视角产生了更高的疼痛评级，并涉及疼痛矩阵更广泛地在次级躯体感觉皮层，ACC（BA 24 a '/24 b'），和适当的大脑皮层。采用他者的观点与后扣带回/楔前叶和右颞顶交界处的特定增加相关。这些结果显示了自我和痛苦表征之间的相似性，但最有趣的是，它们也突出了这两种表征之间的一些区别，这是人类共情的一个重要方面。这可能是让我们区分对他人的移情反应和我们自己的个人痛苦的原因。这些发现与共情并不涉及完全的自我-他人融合的观点是一致的。(c)2005爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
Perspective-taking is a stepping stone to human empathy. When empathizing with another individual, one can imagine how the other perceives the situation and feels as a result. To what extent does imagining the other differs from imagining oneself in similar painful situations? In this functional magnetic resonance imaging experiment, participants were shown pictures of people with their hands or feet in painful or non-painful situations and instructed to imagine and rate the level of pain perceived from different perspectives. Both the Self's and the Other's perspectives were associated with activation in the neural network involved in pain processing, including the parietal operculum, anterior cingulate cortex (ACC; BA32) and anterior insula. However, the Self-perspective yielded higher pain ratings and involved the pain matrix more extensively in the secondary somatosensory cortex, the ACC (BA 24a'/24b'), and the insula proper. Adopting the perspective of the Other was associated with specific increase in the posterior cingulate/precuneus and the right temporo-parietal junction. These results show the similarities between Self- and Other-pain representation, but most interestingly they also highlight some distinctiveness between these two representations, which is a crucial aspect of human empathy. It may be what allows us to distinguish empathic responses to others versus our own personal distress. These findings are consistent with the view that empathy does not involve a complete Self-Other merging. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.