Radiation measurements in the Chiba Metropolitan Area and radiological aspects of fallout from the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plants accident
Radiation measurements in the Chiba Metropolitan Area and radiological aspects of fallout from the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plants accident
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jenvrad.2011.10.019
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发表时间：
2012-09-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Morimoto, Takao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Amano, Hikaru;Akiyama, Masakazu;Morimoto, Takao
由于2011年3月11日的大地震(M 9.0)和海啸，日本东部的福岛第一核电站向环境释放了大量放射性物质。排入大气的放射性物质于3月15日首先到达千叶市地区。我们收集了事故发生后立即开始的空气、尘埃沉积和自来水的每日样本，并测量了它们的放射性。在头两个月中，在千叶市地区的日本化学分析中心观察到的空气中放射性核素的每日最大浓度如下：I-131为4.7×10(1)Bq m(-3)，Cs-137为7.5 Bq m(-3)，Cs-134为6.1 Bq m(-3)。气态碘占总碘的比例为5.2×10~(-1)~7.1×10~(-1)。观测到的沉积速率最大值为：I-131的1.7×10(4)Bqm(-2)d(-1)，Cs-137的2.9×10(3)Bqm(-2)d(-1)，Cs-134的2.9×10(3)Bqm(-2)d(-1)。铯放射性核素和I-131的沉积速度(沉积速率与浓度之比)明显不同。事故造成的自来水中的放射性是在该地区检测到放射性尘埃几天后检测到的。福岛事故后，通过吸入和摄入自来水，估计了居住在千叶市户外的人们的外部辐射和内部辐射的辐射剂量。(C)2011爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
Large amounts of radioactive substances were released into the environment from the Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plants in eastern Japan as a consequence of the great earthquake (M 9.0) and tsunami of 11 March 2011. Radioactive substances discharged into the atmosphere first reached the Chiba Metropolitan Area on 15 March. We collected daily samples of air, fallout deposition, and tap water starting directly after the incident and measured their radioactivity. During the first two months maximum daily concentrations of airborne radionuclides observed at the Japan Chemical Analysis Center in the Chiba Metropolitan Area were as follows: 4.7 x 10(1) Bq m(-3) of I-131, 7.5 Bq m(-3) of Cs-137, and 6.1 Bq m(-3) of Cs-134. The ratio of gaseous iodine to total iodine ranged from 5.2 x 10(-1) to 7.1 x 10(-1). Observed deposition rate maxima were as follows: 1.7 x 10(4) Bq m(-2) d(-1) of I-131, 2.9 x 10(3) Bq m(-2) d(-1) of Cs-137, and 2.9 x 10(3) Bq m(-2) d(-1) of Cs-134. The deposition velocities (ratio of deposition rate to concentration) of cesium radionuclides and I-131 were detectably different. Radioactivity in tap water caused by the accident was detected several days after detection of radioactivity in fallout in the area. Radiation doses were estimated from external radiation and internal radiation by inhalation and ingestion of tap water for people living outdoor in the Chiba Metropolitan Area following the Fukushima accident. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.