How many or how much? Testing the relative influence of the number of social network risks versus the amount of time exposed to social network risks on post-treatment substance use
How many or how much? Testing the relative influence of the number of social network risks versus the amount of time exposed to social network risks on post-treatment substance use
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DOI：
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.02.012
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发表时间：
2017-06-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Kelly, John F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eddie, David;Kelly, John F.
背景：有高风险、吸毒的朋友与年轻人吸毒障碍 (SUD) 复发有关。然而，目前尚不清楚是高风险朋友的总数，还是与高风险朋友在一起的时间长短导致了旧病复发。同样不清楚的是，低风险朋友在多大程度上缓冲了风险。本研究考察了高风险和低风险朋友的数量以及与这些朋友相处的时间对治疗后戒断天数 (PDA) 的影响。方法：对年轻成年住院患者 (N = 302) 在入院时、第 3、6 和 12 个月进行社交网络测量和 PDA 评估。混合模型测试了高风险和低风险朋友数量的影响，以及在 PDA 上与这些朋友相处的时间的影响，并测试了净风险朋友效应，以测试低风险朋友是否抵消风险。结果：在评估内和评估之间，高风险朋友的数量和与 PDA 相处的时间与 PDA 呈负相关，而低风险朋友则相反。治疗后早期，与朋友相处的时间比朋友的数量更能预测 PDA。参与者脱离治疗的时间越长，受到与高风险朋友相处的时间的有害影响就越大，而同时低风险朋友提供的保护也会增加。然而，在高风险或低风险朋友数量或净风险朋友数量上并未观察到这种相互作用效应。结论：应鼓励那些努力与高风险朋友断绝联系的年轻成年 SUD 患者，尽量减少与他们相处的时间。临床医生还应该鼓励患者发展低风险朋友的社交网络。
Background: Having high-risk, substance-using friends is associated with young adult substance use disorder (SUD) relapse. It is unclear, however, whether it is the total number of high-risk friends, or the amount of time spent with high-risk friends that leads to relapse. Unclear also, is to what extent low-risk friends buffer risk. This study examined the influence of number of high-risk and low-risk friends, and the amount time spent with these friends on post-treatment percent days abstinent (PDA).Method: Young adult inpatients (N = 302) Were assessed at intake, and 3, 6, and 12 months on social network measures and PDA. Mixed models tested for effects of number of high- and low-risk friends, and time spent with these friends on PDA, and for net-risk friend effects to test whether low-risk friends offset risk.Results: Within and across assessments, number of, and time spent with high-risk friends was negatively associated with PDA, while the inverse was true for low-risk friends. Early post-treatment, time spent with friends more strongly predicted PDA than number of friends. Participants were more deleteriously affected by time with high-risk friends the longer they were out of treatment, while contemporaneously protection conferred by low-risk friends increased. This interaction effect, however, was not observed with number of high- or low risk friends, or number of friends net-risk.Conclusions: Young adult SUD patients struggling to break ties with high-risk friends should be encouraged to minimize time with them. Clinicians should also encourage patients to grow their social network of low-risk friends.