Preventable lifestyle risk factors for non-communicable diseases in the Pakistan Adolescents Schools Study 1 (PASS-1).
Preventable lifestyle risk factors for non-communicable diseases in the Pakistan Adolescents Schools Study 1 (PASS-1).
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DOI：
10.3961/jpmph.2011.44.5.210
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发表时间：
2011-09
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Kadir MM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Khuwaja AK;Khawaja S;Motwani K;Khoja AA;Azam IS;Fatmi Z;Ali BS;Kadir MM
青少年中非传染性疾病（NCD）可预防危险因素的负担日益加重，是全球面临的重大公共卫生挑战。我们确定了青少年非传染性疾病的可预防危险因素。在一项以学校为基础的研究中，巴基斯坦三个城市的六所学校的 414 名青少年（14 至 17 岁）完成了预先测试的结构化问卷。在多项 Logistic 回归分析中计算卡方检验和调整优势比 (aOR) 以及 95% 置信区间 (CI)。超过80%的青少年饮食不健康，54%的青少年缺乏运动。大多数青少年都接触过被动吸烟，14% 的人目前也是吸烟者。超过三分之一的参与者咀嚼槟榔，四分之一的人口服烟草。更多女孩身体不活跃（OR，4.07；95% CI，2.69 - 6.17），而更多男孩目前吸烟（OR，2.17；95% CI，1.19 - 3.91）、被动吸烟（OR，2.57；95% CI，1.72 - 3.83）和使用槟榔（OR， 2.03；95% CI，1.34 至 3.06）。只有 3.1% 的参与者没有任何可预防的非传染性疾病生活方式风险因素，超过 80% 的参与者有 ≥ 2 个因素。危险因素的共存与父亲是蓝领工人（aOR，3.57；95% CI，1.07至11.92）和父母不公平对待孩子（aOR，5.05；95% CI，1.29至19.78）独立相关。大多数接受研究的青少年都有可预防的非传染性疾病危险因素。这些结果需要采取全面综合的干预措施来预防生活方式风险因素，而父母是一线利益相关者。
The rising burden of preventable risk factors for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among adolescents is a major public health challenge worldwide. We identified the preventable risk factors for NCDs in adolescents. In a school-based study, pre-tested structured questionnaires were completed by 414 adolescents (14 to 17 years) at six schools in three cities in Pakistan. The chi-squared test and adjusted odds ratio (aOR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated in a multinomial logistic regression analysis. Over 80% of the adolescents had unhealthy diets, and 54% were physically inactive. Most adolescents were exposed to passive smoking, and 14% were also current smokers. More than one-third of participants chewed betel nut, and one-quarter used oral tobacco. More girls were physically inactive (OR, 4.07; 95% CI, 2.69 to 6.17), whereas a greater proportion of boys were current smokers (OR, 2.17; 95% CI, 1.19 to 3.91), exposed to passive smoking (OR, 2.57; 95% CI, 1.72 to 3.83), and using betel nut (OR, 2.03; 95% CI, 1.34 to 3.06). Only 3.1% of the participants were without any preventable lifestyle risk factor for NCDs, and over 80% had ≥2 factors. Co-existence of risk factors was independently associated with fathers being blue-collar workers (aOR, 3.57; 95% CI, 1.07 to 11.92) and parents not treating their child fairly (aOR, 5.05; 95% CI, 1.29 to 19.78). Most of the adolescents studied had preventable risk factors for NCDs. These results warrant comprehensive and integrated interventions to prevent lifestyle risk factors, and parents are front-line stakeholders.