Cleaning the River Ganga: Impact of lockdown on water quality and future implications on river rejuvenation strategies
Cleaning the River Ganga: Impact of lockdown on water quality and future implications on river rejuvenation strategies
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140756
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发表时间：
2020-11-15
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Kumar, Saroj
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dutta, Venkatesh;Dubey, Divya;Kumar, Saroj
清洁的河流和健康的水生生物象征着生态系统运行良好。恒河已经显示出恢复活力的迹象，许多参数都有显著改善，此前由于冠状病毒大流行，恒河在全国范围内封锁了8周。由于工业单位和商业机构被关闭，它们没有举起水，工业废水的排放可以忽略不计。据观察，在封锁期间，恒河流域下的大部分地区的降雨量比正常水平多出60%，导致河流流量增加，进一步稀释了污染物。此外，对恒河盆地活体库房的数据分析显示，第三阶段封锁开始时的库存量几乎是去年同期的两倍。对近十年的蓄水数据分析显示，截至2020年5月6日的蓄水比前十年的平均值增加了82.83%，这意味着在封锁期间有更多的水可供河流使用。其影响表现为溶解氧(DO)增加，生物需氧量(BOD)、粪大肠菌群、总大肠菌群和硝酸盐(NO3-)浓度下降。由于工业活动有限和收获季节农业径流减少，大多数地点的硝酸盐浓度呈下降趋势。从恢复的角度来看，水质的逐步转变已经给出了乐观的迹象。然而，人们认为，水质的这种改善是“短暂的”，一旦恢复正常的工业活动，水质将会恶化，这表明未经处理的商业和工业废水的影响很大。论文的结论是，如果废水和足够的流量排放问题得到解决，河流可以恢复活力。(C)2020爱思唯尔B.V.保留所有权利。
Clean rivers and healthy aquatic life symbolize that the ecosystem is functioning well.The Ganga River has shown signs of rejuvenation and a significant improvement on many parameters, following the eight-week nationwide lockdown due to coronavirus pandemic. Since industrial units and commercial establishments were closed, water was not being lifted by them with a negligible discharge of industrial wastewater. It was observed that during the lockdown period most of the districts falling under the Ganga basin observed 60% excess rainfall than the normal, which led to increased discharge in the river, further contributing towards the dilution of pollutants. Further, data analysis of live storages in the Ganga Basin revealed that the storage during the beginning of the third phase of lockdown was almost double than the storage during the same period the previous year. Analysis of the storage data of the last ten years revealed that the storage till May 6, 2020 was 82.83% more than the average of the previous ten years, which meant that more water was available for the river during the lockdown period. The impact could be seen in terms of increased dissolved oxygen (DO) and reduced biological oxygen demand (BOD), Faecal coliform, Total coliform and nitrate (NO3-) concentration. A declining trend in nitrate concentration was observed in most of the locations due to limited industrial activities and reduction in agricultural run-off due to harvesting season. The gradual transformation in the quality of the water has given a sign of optimism from the point of restoration. Yet, it is believed that this improvement in water quality is 'short-lived' and quality would deteriorate once the normal industrial activities are resumed, indicating a strong influence of untreated commercial-industrial wastewater. The paper concludes that the river can be rejuvenated if issues of wastewater and adequate flow releases are addressed. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.