Regression toward the Mean and the Paired Sample t Test
Regression toward the Mean and the Paired Sample t Test
复制标题
均值回归和配对样本 t 检验
DOI：
10.1080/00031305.1991.10475763
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发表时间：
1991
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
T. Chua
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Robert W. Mee;T. Chua
摘要 本文展示了在只有一小部分人重新参加考试的重考情况下，如何正确地进行均值配对样本比较。例如，假设所有未通过考试的人都有机会重新参加类似的考试。如果通常的配对样本 t 检验是根据这种情况下的数据进行的，那么“回归效应”可能会导致错误的结论，即某些干预措施（例如补习辅导）对提高分数有效，但事实并非如此。当第一次考试的平均分数已知时，正确的测试是涉及简单回归模型的截距的测试。
Abstract This article shows how one should properly conduct a paired-sample comparison of means in a test–retest situation where only a subset of the population retakes the exam. For example, suppose all who fail an exam are given the opportunity to retake a similar exam. If the usual paired-sample t test is conducted from data in this setting, the “regression effect” may lead to the incorrect conclusion that some intervention (such as remedial tutoring) has been effective in raising the scores when this is not necessarily true. A correct test when the mean score for the first exam is known is a test involving the intercept for a simple regression model.