High urinary phthalate concentration associated with delayed pubarche in girls
High urinary phthalate concentration associated with delayed pubarche in girls
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2605.2012.01260.x
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发表时间：
2012-06-01
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Juul, A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Frederiksen, H.;Sorensen, K.;Juul, A.
邻苯二甲酸盐是一组存在于众多消费品中的化学物质。它们在实验研究中具有抗雄激素特性，并被怀疑与人类男性生殖健康问题有关。一些研究表明，邻苯二甲酸盐暴露与女孩青春期时间的变化之间存在关联，尽管存在争议。我们测定了 725 名健康丹麦女孩（5.619.1 岁）晨尿样本中 12 种邻苯二甲酸酯代谢物的浓度，这些代谢物与年龄、青春期发育（乳房和阴毛阶段）和生殖激素水平（黄体生成素、雌二醇和睾酮）有关。此外，还对 25 名性早熟 (PP) 女孩的尿液中邻苯二甲酸盐进行了测定。一般来说，青春期发育较晚的最年轻女孩的第一次晨尿中邻苯二甲酸单丁酯异构体 (?MBP(i+n))、邻苯二甲酸单苄酯 (MBzP)、邻苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯 (?DEHPm) 和邻苯二甲酸二异壬酯 (?DINPm) 的代谢物浓度最高。将尿邻苯二甲酸酯排泄物分层为四分位数后，我们发现，随着邻苯二甲酸酯代谢物四分位数的增加，阴毛初露的年龄也随之增加（MEP 除外）。当所有邻苯二甲酸酯代谢物（MEP 除外）被汇总并表示为四分位数时，这种趋势具有统计学意义。没有观察到邻苯二甲酸盐和乳房发育之间存在关联。此外，PP 女孩和对照组女孩的尿邻苯二甲酸酯代谢物水平没有差异。我们证明，725 名健康女学生尿液样本中的邻苯二甲酸盐排泄量与阴毛初露延迟（而非乳房初发育）相关，这可能表明邻苯二甲酸盐在我们研究的女孩组中具有抗雄激素作用。
Phthalates are a group of chemicals present in numerous consumer products. They have anti-androgenic properties in experimental studies and are suspected to be involved in human male reproductive health problems. A few studies have shown associations between phthalate exposure and changes in pubertal timing among girls, although controversies exist. We determined the concentration of 12 phthalate metabolites in first morning urine samples from 725 healthy Danish girls (aged 5.619.1 years) in relation to age, pubertal development (breast and pubic hair stage) and reproductive hormone levels (luteinizing hormone, oestradiol and testosterone). Furthermore, urinary phthalates were determined in 25 girls with precocious puberty (PP). In general, the youngest girls with less advanced pubertal development had the highest first morning urinary concentration of the monobutyl phthalate isoforms (?MBP(i+n)), monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP), metabolites of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (?DEHPm) and of di-iso-nonyl phthalate (?DINPm). After stratification of the urinary phthalate excretion into quartiles, we found that the age at pubarche was increasing with increasing phthalate metabolite quartiles (except for MEP). This trend was statistically significant when all phthalate metabolites (except MEP) were summarized and expressed as quartiles. No association between phthalates and breast development was observed. In addition, there were no differences in urinary phthalate metabolite levels between girls with PP and controls. We demonstrated that delayed pubarche, but not thelarche, was associated with high phthalate excretion in urine samples from 725 healthy school girls, which may suggest anti-androgenic actions of phthalates in our study group of girls.