Word comprehension facilitates object individuation in 10- and 11-month-old infants
Word comprehension facilitates object individuation in 10- and 11-month-old infants
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单词理解有助于 10 个月和 11 个月大婴儿的物体个体化
DOI：
10.1016/j.brainres.2006.08.112
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发表时间：
2007
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
A. Zawaydeh
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Rivera;A. Zawaydeh
本研究调查了10- 11个月大的婴儿在时空模糊事件中对物体的个性化能力中对物体的词语理解所起的作用。为了做到这一点，我们采用了一个对象个性化任务，在这个任务中，婴儿熟悉两个物体在屏幕后面交替进出，然后屏幕被移开，显示两个物体或只有一个物体。结果表明，只有当10个月和11个月大的婴儿理解了所看到的两个物体的单词时，他们才会表现出与物体个性化相一致的观看行为（即，当其中一个物体被偷偷拿走时，他们会看得更久）。无论是客体永久性推理水平还是整体接受性词汇量都没有对客体个性化任务的表现产生影响，这表明这种影响是特定于情境的直接参数的，而不是后续婴儿整体早熟的功能。这些结果表明，理解被遮挡/未被遮挡的物体的词语提供了一种“胶水”，使婴儿能够将物体的心理指数与其感知特征结合起来（从而促成两个心理指数的形成，而不是一个）。他们进一步指出，从由背侧系统驱动的对象索引到由腹侧和背侧神经系统的整合驱动的对象索引的转变，通常直到12个月大才被观察到，可以通过10个月和11个月大的婴儿的单词理解来促进。
The present study investigated the role that comprehending words for objects plays in 10- and 11-month-old infants' ability to individuate those objects in a spatiotemporally ambiguous event. To do this, we employed an object individuation task in which infants were familiarized to two objects coming in and out from behind a screen in alternation, and then the screen was removed to reveal either both or only one of the objects. Results show that only when 10- and 11-month-olds comprehend words for both objects seen do they exhibit looking behavior that is consistent with object individuation (i.e., looking longer when one of the objects is surreptitiously removed). Neither level of object permanence reasoning nor overall receptive vocabulary had an effect on performance in the object individuation task, indicating that the effect was specific to the immediate parameters of the situation, and not a function of overall precocity on the part of the succeeding infants. These results suggest that comprehending the words for occluded/disoccluded objects provides a kind of “glue” which allows infants to bind the mental index of an object with its perceptual features (thus precipitating the formation of two mental indexes, rather than one). They further suggest that a shift from object indexing driven by the where (dorsal) system to one which is driven by integration of the ventral and dorsal neural systems, usually not observed until 12 months of age, can be facilitated by word comprehension in 10- and 11-month-old infants.