Disability policies in Japan and Sweden: A comparative perspective
Disability policies in Japan and Sweden: A comparative perspective
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日本和瑞典的残疾政策：比较视角
DOI：
10.1016/j.alter.2018.08.001
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
1
通讯作者：
Lamichhane Kamal
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lindqvist Rafael;Lamichhane Kamal
本文的目的是比较日本和瑞典的残疾人政策。两国的社会保障采取了不同的方向。日本的政策取向是“生产主义”、家长式作风、以家庭为导向，在评估残疾人服务的资格时，坚定地利用医疗专业知识。实际上，日本的社会服务是地方一级社会服务工作人员、志愿机构和私人捐助者之间谈判的结果。在瑞典，社会服务被确立为社会权利，由公共资金提供资金，由公共部门机构分配或外包给私人提供者。这种支助由社会工作者评估，目的是便利日常生活和实现“良好的生活条件”。虽然日本的残疾人服务的特点是医疗模式和改善身体无障碍，在瑞典的做法是基于社会关系模式的残疾人服务的角度与日益增长的“应得的道德”相结合。
The aim of this article was to compare disability policies in Japan and Sweden. Social protection in the two countries has taken different directions. Policy orientation in Japan is ‘productivist’, paternalistic, family-oriented, and firmly involves medical expertise in assessing eligibility to disability services. In practice, social services in Japan is the result of negotiations between social service staff at the local level, volunteer agencies and private contributors. In Sweden, social services, were established as social rights, financed by public money, and distributed by public sector agencies or out-sourced to private providers. Such support, assessed by social workers, were intended to facilitate daily life and achieve “good living conditions”. While Japan's disability services are characterized by the medical model and improving physical accessibility, practices in Sweden are based on a social relational model perspective of disability services combined with increasing ‘deservingness ethics’.