Sign language experience redistributes attentional resources to the inferior visual field
Sign language experience redistributes attentional resources to the inferior visual field
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cognition.2019.04.026
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发表时间：
2019-04
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Chloé Stoll;Matthew W. G. Dye
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chloé Stoll;Matthew W. G. Dye
虽然大量的研究表明，耳聋会增加视觉注意力向周边的分配，但关于使用手语如何影响这种注意力分配的研究却少得多。手语是视觉手势，使用身体产生，并通过人类视觉系统感知。手势者注视着对话者的脸，而不直接看在下位视野中移动的手。因此，我们可以合理地预测，手语需要将内隐视觉注意力重新分配到下视野。在这里，我们报告了一个前瞻性的和统计学上的权力评估的空间分布的注意力，以下级和上级视野的签名-聋人和听力-在视觉搜索任务。利用贝叶斯分层漂移扩散模型，我们估计决策参数的上级和下级视野的聋人签名，听力签名和听力非签名。结果表明，一个更大的注意力重新分配到下视野的成年签名者（聋人和听力）比听力标志天真的成年人。听力签名者的效果比聋人签名者小，提示聋人视觉系统的暴露程度或更大的可塑性。这些数据为语言处理的需求可以影响人类注意力系统的过程提供了支持。
While a substantial body of work has suggested that deafness brings about an increased allocation of visual attention to the periphery there has been much less work on how using a signed language may also influence this attentional allocation. Signed languages are visual-gestural and produced using the body and perceived via the human visual system. Signers fixate upon the face of interlocutors and do not directly look at the hands moving in the inferior visual field. It is therefore reasonable to predict that signed languages require a redistribution of covert visual attention to the inferior visual field. Here we report a prospective and statistically powered assessment of the spatial distribution of attention to inferior and superior visual fields in signers – both deaf and hearing – in a visual search task. Using a Bayesian Hierarchical Drift Diffusion Model, we estimated decision making parameters for the superior and inferior visual field in deaf signers, hearing signers and hearing non-signers. Results indicated a greater attentional redistribution toward the inferior visual field in adult signers (both deaf and hearing) than in hearing sign-naïve adults. The effect was smaller for hearing signers than for deaf signers, suggestive of either a role for extent of exposure or greater plasticity of the visual system in the deaf. The data provide support for a process by which the demands of linguistic processing can influence the human attentional system.