Effects of genotype and environment on seed yield and quality of rice
Effects of genotype and environment on seed yield and quality of rice
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DOI：
10.1017/s0021859605005496
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发表时间：
2005-08
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
P. Krishnan;A. Rao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Krishnan;A. Rao
种子产量和种子质量决定了水稻 (Oryza sativa L.) 作物对生产者的大部分价值。使用印度 3 年（2000 年至 2003 年）四个不同播种日期种植的 12 种水稻基因型，研究了基因型和环境对种子产量和质量的影响，并收集了详细的环境数据。评估了产量、种子重量、结籽比例和潜在种子寿命方面的质量、变色种子比例、种子浸出液电导率和发芽率。对结果进行方差分析，并通过相关分析评价环境因素的影响。方差分析表明，种子结实率、种子浸出液电导率、种子潜在寿命、种子发芽率和种子变色比例受环境影响的影响大于基因型影响。相比之下，产量、穗数、种子重量和高密度籽粒比例受基因型的影响大于环境影响。基因型和环境对所有性状的显着交互作用归因于基因型对倒伏的抗性差异（由株高增加、低辐射和灌浆时降雨过多引起），并与收获的穗数较少、结实率较低和种子重量较低有关。相关分析表明，灌浆期温暖、太阳辐射强、无过多降雨的水稻种子产量最高，品质优良。
Seed yield and seed quality determine much of the value of rice (Oryza sativa L.) crops to the producers. The effects of genotype and environment on seed yield and quality were investigated using 12 rice genotypes grown during 3 years (2000–2003) at four different sowing dates in India, where detailed environmental data were collected. Yield, seed weight, proportion of seed setting and quality in terms of potential seed longevity, proportion of discoloured seeds, seed leachate conductivity and percentage germination were evaluated. The results were subjected to analysis of variance and the influence of environmental factors was evaluated by correlation analysis. Analysis of variance suggested that proportion of seed setting, seed leachate conductivity, potential seed longevity, percentage seed germination and proportion of seed discoloration were influenced more by environmental effects than by genotypic effects. In contrast, yield, panicle number, seed weight, and proportion of high-density grains were influenced more by genotypic than by environmental effects. The significant interaction effects of genotype and environment for all characteristics were attributed to differential resistance of genotypes to lodging (caused by increased plant height, low radiation and excessive rain at the time of grain filling) and were associated with fewer panicles harvested, lower seed setting and lower seed weight. Correlation analysis suggested that warm weather conditions with high solar radiation and without excessive rains during grain filling stage gave the best rice seed yield with high quality.