Non-surface mass balance of glaciers in Iceland
Non-surface mass balance of glaciers in Iceland
复制标题
冰岛冰川非表面质量平衡
DOI：
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
M. Gudmundsson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Jóhannesson;B. Pálmason;Á. Hjartarson;A. Jarosch;E. Magnússon;J. M. Belart;M. Gudmundsson
摘要对于冰岛的冰川来说，非表面物质平衡是不可忽视的。冰岛的几个冰川位于新火山带，在那里地热活动、火山喷发和远远高于全球平均水平的地热通量共同导致了接近150毫米西经的底部融化。一个−1号冰帽和75毫米W.E.最大冰盖瓦特纳约科尔的−1。对于冰岛降水量大、气候温和的冰川来说，水和冰的流动中的能量消耗也相当大，导致西经20-150毫米的内部和底部融化。A−1.1995-2019年冰岛冰川的非表面融化总量为45-375毫米西经。主要冰盖的平均−为1，Mèrdalsjökull、瓦特纳约库尔南侧和Eyjafjallajökull最大。地热融化、火山喷发、水和冰流动中的能量耗散以及冰川崩解都有影响，因此在物质平衡研究中应考虑这些因素。作为比较，自1995年以来，冰岛冰川的平均质量平衡是−500到−1500 mm W.E.A−1.非地表质量平衡相当于来自冰岛的水的总径流贡献为2.1km~3/−~1。
Abstract Non-surface mass balance is non-negligible for glaciers in Iceland. Several Icelandic glaciers are in the neo-volcanic zone where a combination of geothermal activity, volcanic eruptions and geothermal heat flux much higher than the global average lead to basal melting close to 150 mm w.e. a−1 for the Mýrdalsjökull ice cap and 75 mm w.e. a−1 for the largest ice cap, Vatnajökull. Energy dissipation in the flow of water and ice is also rather large for the high-precipitation, temperate glaciers of Iceland resulting in internal and basal melting of 20–150 mm w.e. a−1. The total non-surface melting of glaciers in Iceland in 1995–2019 was 45–375 mm w.e. a−1 on average for the main ice caps, and was largest for Mýrdalsjökull, the south side of Vatnajökull and Eyjafjallajökull. Geothermal melting, volcanic eruptions and the energy dissipation in the flow of water and ice, as well as calving, all contribute, and thus these components should be considered in mass-balance studies. For comparison, the average mass balance of glaciers in Iceland since 1995 is −500 to −1500 mm w.e. a−1. The non-surface mass balance corresponds to a total runoff contribution of 2.1 km3 a−1 of water from Iceland.