Physiological Roles of Perineuronal Nets in Cerebellar Functions
Physiological Roles of Perineuronal Nets in Cerebellar Functions
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神经周围网络在小脑功能中的生理作用
DOI：
10.1007/978-3-030-75817-2_8
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hirono Moritoshi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hirono Moritoshi;Karube Fuyuki;Yanagawa Yuchio;Hirono Moritoshi
神经周围神经网络(PNN)是一种浓缩的富含糖胺聚糖的细胞外基质结构，包围着中枢神经系统神经元的细胞体、近端树突和轴突起始段。对PNN的消化表明，PNN通过减弱信息的遗忘或学习而促进可塑性和编码新信息。PNNS在形态上限制了新突触的产生和旧突触的修剪，并有助于调节大脑区域的神经可塑性，包括视觉皮质和杏仁核。相比之下，小脑深部核(DCN)中的PNN是否有助于调节运动协调仍鲜为人知。本章重点介绍了包被浦肯野细胞和大的DCN神经元之间突触的PNNS在GABA能传递的动态调节和小脑运动学习的调节中的生理作用，特别是延迟眨眼条件作用，提出DCN中的PNNS限制了与运动学习相关的突触可塑性。
Perineuronal nets (PNNs), which are condensed glycosaminoglycan-rich extracellular matrix structures, surround cell bodies, proximal dendrites, and axon initial segments of neurons in the central nervous system. Digestion of PNNs demonstrated that PNNs facilitate plasticity and encode new information by attenuating forgetting or learning information easily. PNNs morphologically restrict producing new synapses and pruning old synapses and contribute to regulating neural plasticity in brain areas, including the visual cortex and the amygdala. By contrast, whether PNNs in the deep cerebellar nuclei (DCN) contribute to the regulation of motor coordination remains poorly understood. This chapter focuses on recent evidence on the physiological roles of PNNs, which enwrap synapses between Purkinje cells and large DCN neurons, in dynamic regulation of GABAergic transmission, and in modification of cerebellar motor learning, particularly especially delay eyeblink conditioning, proposing that PNNs in the DCN restrict synaptic plasticity associated with motor learning in adult animals.