Bacterial components are the major contributors to the macrophage stimulating activity exhibited by extracts of common edible mushrooms.
Bacterial components are the major contributors to the macrophage stimulating activity exhibited by extracts of common edible mushrooms.
复制标题
细菌成分是普通食用蘑菇提取物所表现出的巨噬细胞刺激活性的主要贡献者。
DOI：
10.1039/c6fo00562d
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
Pasco,DavidS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tyler,HeatherL;Haron,MonaH;Pugh,NirmalD;Zhang,Jin;Jackson,ColinR;Pasco,DavidS
最近的研究表明，一些药用植物的先天免疫增强特性的主要贡献者来自于这些植物定植的细菌的细胞壁成分。当前研究的目的是评估食用和药用蘑菇中存在的细菌是否对这些蘑菇的先天免疫刺激潜力有实质性的贡献。对13种食用菌全株和双孢蘑菇单株的体外巨噬细胞活性、细菌脂多糖（LPS）含量、细胞负荷和群落组成进行了分析。在巨噬细胞激活（超过500倍）、细菌总负荷（超过200倍）和LPS含量（超过1000万倍）方面，样品之间存在显著差异。脂多糖含量（ρ = 0.832, p < 0.0001）和细菌总负荷（ρ = 0.701, p < 0.0001）与巨噬细胞活化显著相关。通过NaOH处理，使LPS和其他细菌成分失活，使提取物活性丧失。双孢蘑菇不同组织间巨噬细胞活化与细菌总负荷（ρ = 0.723, p = 0.0001）和LPS含量（ρ = 0.951, p < 0.0001）也存在显著相关性。假单胞菌（Pseudomonas）和黄杆菌（Flavobacterium）是各组织部位最常见的属，它们与体外巨噬细胞激活呈显著相关（ρ = 0.697, p < 0.0001和ρ = 0.659, p = 0.0001）。这些结果表明，来自蘑菇相关细菌的成分对蘑菇表现出的先天免疫增强活性有很大贡献，并且可能导致与摄入细菌制剂（如益生菌）相似的治疗作用。
Recent studies have indicated that a major contributor to the innate immune enhancing properties of some medicinal plants is derived from the cell wall components of bacteria colonizing these plants. The purpose of the current study was to assess if the bacteria present within edible and medicinal mushrooms substantially contribute to the innate immune stimulating potential of these mushrooms. Whole mushrooms from thirteen types of edible fungi and individual parts from Agaricus bisporus were analyzed for in vitro macrophage activation as well as bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) content, cell load, and community composition. Substantial variation between samples was observed in macrophage activation (over 500-fold), total bacterial load (over 200-fold), and LPS content (over 10 million-fold). Both LPS content (ρ = 0.832, p < 0.0001) and total bacterial load (ρ = 0.701, p < 0.0001) correlated significantly with macrophage activation in the whole mushroom extracts. Extract activity was negated by treatment with NaOH, conditions that inactivate LPS and other bacterial components. Significant correlations between macrophage activation and total bacterial load (ρ = 0.723, p = 0.0001) and LPS content (ρ = 0.951, p < 0.0001) were also observed between different tissues of Agaricus bisporus. Pseudomonas and Flavobacterium were the most prevalent genera identified in the different tissue parts and these taxa were significantly correlated with in vitro macrophage activation (ρ = 0.697, p < 0.0001 and ρ = 0.659, p = 0.0001, respectively). These results indicate that components derived from mushroom associated bacteria contribute substantially to the innate immune enhancing activity exhibited by mushrooms and may result in similar therapeutic actions as reported for ingestion of bacterial preparations such as probiotics.