Wolbachia strains for disease control: ecological and evolutionary considerations.
Wolbachia strains for disease control: ecological and evolutionary considerations.
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DOI：
10.1111/eva.12286
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发表时间：
2015-09
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Rašić G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hoffmann AA;Ross PA;Rašić G
Wolbachia是在许多昆虫中发现的内共生体，具有抑制媒介传播疾病的潜力，特别是通过干扰病原体传播。沃尔巴克氏体菌株对宿主的影响差异很大，这就提出了应选择哪些属性以确保开发出最佳菌株用于疾病控制的问题。这取决于它们抑制病毒传播、侵入宿主种群、持续存在而不丧失病毒抑制作用以及不干扰其他控制策略的能力。实现这些目标的潜力可能涉及进化的限制;病毒抑制可能受到有害宿主适应性效应导致的感染传播能力的限制。然而，在自然感染和种间转移后产生的新关联中，这些模式也有例外，这表明病原体阻断、有害的健身效应和生殖生物学的变化可能至少部分地解耦以实现理想的感染属性。引入的沃尔巴克氏体的稳定性及其对病毒传播的影响仍不清楚，但快速进化的变化似乎不太可能。尽管沃尔巴克氏体在物种间的有意转移仍然特别具有挑战性，但应利用自然种群中数千种菌株的多样性，扩大具有理想属性的菌株的可用性。
Wolbachia are endosymbionts found in many insects with the potential to suppress vectorborne diseases, particularly through interfering with pathogen transmission. Wolbachia strains are highly variable in their effects on hosts, raising the issue of which attributes should be selected to ensure that the best strains are developed for disease control. This depends on their ability to suppress viral transmission, invade host populations, persist without loss of viral suppression and not interfere with other control strategies. The potential to achieve these objectives is likely to involve evolutionary constraints; viral suppression may be limited by the ability of infections to spread due to deleterious host fitness effects. However, there are exceptions to these patterns in both natural infections and in novel associations generated following interspecific transfer, suggesting that pathogen blockage, deleterious fitness effects and changes to reproductive biology might be at least partly decoupled to achieve ideal infection attributes. The stability of introduced Wolbachia and its effects on viral transmission remain unclear, but rapid evolutionary changes seem unlikely. Although deliberate transfers of Wolbachia across species remain particularly challenging, the availability of strains with desirable attributes should be expanded, taking advantage of the diversity available across thousands of strains in natural populations.