Cryptic Female Choice and Its Implications in the Scorpionfly Harpobittacus nigriceps
Cryptic Female Choice and Its Implications in the Scorpionfly Harpobittacus nigriceps
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DOI：
10.1086/284170
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发表时间：
1983-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
R. Thornhill
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Thornhill
女性选择是进化生物学中一个鲜为人知的领域。配偶选择理论以及雌性对繁殖过程的控制通常比雄性更强，这意味着雌性选择在生物体中很普遍，而且其性质可能是微妙的，甚至在交配后以及雌性对配子或受精卵的控制终止之前的任何时间都会发生。澳大利亚蝎子黑头蝎（Harpobittacus nigriceps）的雌性选择在野外和实验室进行了研究，雄性在交配过程中向雌性提供节肢动物结婚礼物。雌性在黑头鲸中会发生交配前的选择，并且有大量证据表明该物种在交配期间和交配后发生了这种选择。雌性显然通过控制交配持续时间以及从不同配偶处获得的精子数量来选择交配。黑头蜥的交配后选择似乎包括雌性根据其配偶的特征调节产卵的能力。黑头鲨交配期间和交配后的雌性选择几乎肯定会导致雄性的性选择比交配前的选择更强。黑头鲨所有形式的雌性选择都会导致对选择中重要标准的定向选择（雄性体型及其相关因素，获得大型猎物的能力）。如果体型是可遗传的，黑头黑头鱼中基于体型的雌性选择可能会增强雌性的健康：与体型较小的个体相比，体型较大的个体获得更多的交配（雄性）并且繁殖力更强（雌性），并且一般来说，两性的存活率和体型呈正相关。几代人体内对体型大小的自然选择压力的波动可能会在雄性体型方面产生足够的遗传变异，以维持黑头鲨的适应性雌性选择。
Female choice is a poorly understood area of evolutionary biology. Mate choice theory and the generally greater control of the process of reproduction by females than by males imply that female choice is prevalent in organisms and that it may be subtle in its nature, occurring even after mating and at any time until the female's control of gametes or zygotes terminates. Female choice in the Australian scorpionfly Harpobittacus nigriceps, a species in which males provide females with a nuptial arthropod gift during mating, was studied in the field and laboratory. Female choice before mating occurs in H. nigriceps and there is considerable evidence of its occurrence during and after mating in this species. Females apparently choose during mating by controlling mating duration and thus the number of sperm received from different mates. Postmating choice in H. nigriceps appears to include a female's ability to regulate egg laying in relation to characteristics of her mate. Female choice during and after mating in H. nigriceps almost certainly leads to stronger sexual selection on males than premating choice. All forms of female choice in H. nigriceps would result in directional selection of the criteria important in choice (male body size and its correlate, ability to obtain large prey). Female choice on the basis of body size in H. nigriceps may enhance female fitness if body size is heritable: Large individuals obtain more matings (males) and are more fecund (females) than small individuals, and, in general, survival and size are positively related in both sexes. Fluctuating natural selection pressures on body size within generations may generate enough genetic variation in male body size to maintain adaptive female choice in H. nigriceps.