Grazing Regulates Changes in Soil Microbial Communities in Plant-Soil Systems
Grazing Regulates Changes in Soil Microbial Communities in Plant-Soil Systems
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DOI：
10.3390/agronomy13030708
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发表时间：
2023-02
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Yu Zhang;Miao Wang;Xu Wang;Ruiqiang Li;Ruifu Zhang;Weibing Xun;Hui Li;X. Xin;R. Yan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yu Zhang;Miao Wang;Xu Wang;Ruiqiang Li;Ruifu Zhang;Weibing Xun;Hui Li;X. Xin;R. Yan
土壤微生物在整个生态环境中促进物质转化和能量流动，对草原生态系统的稳定和发展起着关键作用。研究放牧对土壤微生物群落的影响，确定合理的放牧强度，对于提高我们对草地退化机制的认识，准确评估放牧管理对草地功能和养分循环的影响是至关重要的。在草地放牧控制试验台上，比较了呼伦贝尔羊草草甸草原6种放牧强度(0.0 0、0.2 3、0.34、0.46、0.6 9和0.92 AU ha−1)(1AU=5 0 0 kg成年牛)土壤微生物群落结构和多样性特征。结果表明，土壤微生物量碳(MBC)和氮(MBN)随土壤深度的增加而降低。G0.34的0~10 cm土层MBC和MBN最高，G0.92处理最低。重度放牧显著降低了土壤表层微生物量碳和氮素含量。轻牧区土壤细菌多样性(0.23AU ha−1)高于重牧区，非牧区土壤真菌多样性高于牧区。过度放牧减少了土壤中的细菌种类。植物地下生物量对细菌群落结构有显著影响(p=0.039)，土壤pH(p=0.032)、全氮(p=0.011)和凋落物(p=0.007)对真菌群落有显著影响。放牧对微生物群落的影响主要受植被生产力、凋落物质量和土壤地球物理和化学性质的影响。本研究加深了对放牧方式对草甸草原土壤微生物群落影响的认识，表明适度干扰放牧可以促进草地植被-土壤微生物的可持续发展。
Soil microorganisms promote material transformation and energy flow in the entire ecological environment and play a key role in the stability and development of grassland ecosystems. Studies on the impacts of grazing on the soil microbial community and the establishment of a reasonable grazing intensity are crucial to improve our knowledge of the mechanisms underlying grassland degradation and to accurately assess the influence of grazing management on grassland functions and the nutrient cycle. Based on the grassland grazing control experimental platform, we compared the structure and diversity characteristics of soil microbial communities under six grazing intensities (0.00, 0.23, 0.34, 0.46, 0.69, and 0.92 AU ha−1) (1 AU = 500 kg of adult cattle) on the Hulunbuir Leymus chinensis meadow steppe. The results showed that soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and nitrogen (MBN) decreased with increasing soil depth. The 0–10 cm soil layer of G0.34 had the highest MBC and MBN, and the G0.92 treatment had the lowest MBC and MBN. Heavy grazing significantly decreased the MBC and MBN contents in the soil surface layer. The soil bacterial diversity under light grazing treatment (0.23 AU ha−1) was higher than that under heavy grazing, and the fungal diversity under the no-grazing treatment was higher than that under the grazing treatment. Overgrazing reduced the bacterial species in the soil. The plant belowground biomass significantly (p = 0.039) influenced the bacterial community structure, and the soil pH (p = 0.032), total nitrogen (p = 0.011), and litter (p = 0.007) significantly influenced the fungal community. The effects of grazing on microbial communities were primarily driven by vegetation productivity, litter mass, and soil geophysical and chemical characteristics. This study deepened our understanding of the impacts of grazing practices on soil microbial communities on the meadow steppe, suggesting that moderate-disturbance grazing can promote the sustainable development of grassland vegetation-soil microorganisms.