Epigenetic regulation of caspase-3 gene expression in rat brain development.

Epigenetic regulation of caspase-3 gene expression in rat brain development.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.gene.2009.10.008
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发表时间:
2010-01-15
期刊:
影响因子:
3.5
通讯作者:
Kondratyev A
Kondratyev A
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Yakovlev A;Khafizova M;Abdullaev Z;Loukinov D;Kondratyev A

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caspase-3是执行神经细胞凋亡的主要贡献者,其表达水平在大脑成熟过程中显着降低。我们之前克隆了大鼠 caspase-3 基因启动子并鉴定了其必需的调控元件。在本研究中,我们通过检查两个不同年龄(对应于未成熟和成熟大脑)的大鼠大脑中 caspase-3 表达的转录调控来扩展先前的发现。特别是,我们确定转录起始率在大脑成熟过程中显着下降。此外,我们确定大脑中 Ets1、Ets2 和 Sp1 的 mRNA 水平不会随着成熟而改变,这表明这些转录因子不会导致年龄依赖性 caspase-3 下调。因此,我们研究了 DNA 甲基化和组蛋白修饰在此过程中的作用。利用亚硫酸氢盐 DNA 测序,我们确定了 caspase-3 启动子区域内是否存在年龄依赖性差异甲基化片段。引人注目的是,差异甲基化的 CpG 位点对应于许多转录因子的预测结合位点,这些转录因子先前已被证明参与神经元发育和分化。此外,使用染色质免疫沉淀,我们发现成熟大脑中组蛋白 3 乙酰化 Lys14 和组蛋白 4 乙酰化 Lys5、8、12 和 16 的水平显着降低。这一观察结果与成熟大脑中 caspase-3 表达水平的降低一致。结合我们在体外观察到的组蛋白脱乙酰酶抑制剂曲古抑菌素 A 增加皮质神经元中 caspase-3 mRNA 的水平,这些结果进一步表明表观遗传因子在 caspase-3 基因表达调节中的重要作用。
The expression levels of caspase-3, a major contributor to the execution of neuronal apoptosis, markedly decrease in the process of brain maturation. We have previously cloned the rat caspase-3 gene promoter and identified its essential regulatory elements. In the present study, we extended previous findings by examining transcriptional regulation of caspase-3 expression in the rat brain of two different ages, corresponding to the immature and mature brain. In particular, we determined that the rate of transcription initiation substantially declines during brain maturation. Furthermore, we established that mRNA levels of Ets1, Ets2 and Sp1 do not change in the brain with maturation, suggesting that these transcription factors do not contribute to age-dependent caspase-3 down-regulation. Hence, we examined a role of DNA methylation and histone modification in this process. Utilizing bisulfite DNA sequencing, we determined the presence of age-dependent differentially-methylated fragments within the caspase-3 promoter region. Strikingly, differentially methylated CpG sites correspond to the predicted binding sites for a number of transcription factors that have been previously shown to be involved in neuronal development and differentiation. Moreover, using chromatin immunoprecipitation, we found that mature brains displayed significantly lower levels of histone 3 acetylated Lys14 and histone 4 acetylated Lys5, 8, 12, and 16. This observation is consistent with the decreased level of expression of caspase-3 in the mature brain. Together with our observation that histone deacetylase inhibitor, trichostatin A, increased the level of caspase-3 mRNA in cortical neurons in vitro, these results further indicate an important role of epigenetic factors in the regulation of caspase-3 gene expression.
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发表时间: 2010-08
影响因子: 9.1
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DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-7270.2008.00439.x
发表时间: 2008-07
影响因子: 3.7
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