Bet-hedging via dispersal aids the evolution of plastic responses to unreliable cues
Bet-hedging via dispersal aids the evolution of plastic responses to unreliable cues
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DOI：
10.1111/jeb.14182
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发表时间：
2023-05-24
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Draghi，Jeremy A. A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Draghi，Jeremy A. A.
当信息线索预测环境变化时，适应性可塑性预计会进化。然而，如果一代人都共享预测错误，即使这些线索提供了信息，塑料反应也可能会产生适应不良。当初始可塑性突变体仅使用中等可靠性的线索时，这些适应度成本可能会限制可塑性的进化。在这里，我们模拟了这些限制所产生的可塑性进化的障碍，并表明跨种群的分散可以克服这些障碍。当塑性响应逐渐自由发展并与可靠性提高相一致时，约束也会减少，但不会消除。这些因素中的每一个都被视为一种下注对冲的形式：通过减少亲属命运的相关性，分散起到了多样化下注对冲的作用，同时对提示产生次最大反应可以被理解为保守的下注对冲策略。虽然不良信息可能会限制可塑性的演变，但对冲的机会可以预测何时可以克服该限制。当使用部分可靠的线索来跟踪不断变化的环境时，抽象群体可能会做出错误的预测（左）。这些错误会使可塑性变得有害（s < 0）；右）当线索可靠性较低时，但群体之间的分散会分散错误的影响并允许适应性可塑性的进化。
Adaptive plasticity is expected to evolve when informative cues predict environmental variation. However, plastic responses can be maladaptive even when those cues are informative, if prediction mistakes are shared across members of a generation. These fitness costs can constrain the evolution of plasticity when initial plastic mutants use of cues of only moderate reliability. Here, we model the barriers to the evolution of plasticity produced by these constraints and show that dispersal across a metapopulation can overcome them. Constraints are also lessened, though not eliminated, when plastic responses are free to evolve gradually and in concert with increased reliability. Each of these factors be viewed as a form of bet‐hedging: by lessening correlations in the fates of relatives, dispersal acts as diversifying bet‐hedging, while producing submaximal responses to a cue can be understood as a conservative bet‐hedging strategy. While poor information may constrain the evolution of plasticity, the opportunity for bet‐hedging may predict when that constraint can be overcome.AbstractPopulations may make bad predictions when when using partially reliable cues to track changing environments (left). These mistakes can render plasticity deleterious (s < 0); right) when cue reliability is low, but dispersal among demes spreads out the effects of mistakes and allows the evolution of adaptive plasticity.