Examination of perceptual reorganization for nonnative speech contrasts: Zulu click discrimination by English-speaking adults and infants.
Examination of perceptual reorganization for nonnative speech contrasts: Zulu click discrimination by English-speaking adults and infants.
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非母语语音对比的知觉重组检查：英语成人和婴儿的祖鲁语点击歧视。
DOI：
10.1037//0096-1523.14.3.345
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发表时间：
1988
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Sithole,NM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Best,CT;McRoberts,GW;Sithole,NM
语言环境改变了早期发展中发现的言语感知能力。特别是，成年人很难察觉到许多非母语的对比，年幼的婴儿歧视。潜在的知觉重组显然发生在10-12个月。根据一种观点，它取决于对心理声学机制的体验效果。另外，语音发展一直负责，与感知的影响是否出现在母语的非母语语音。我们假设，一个音素的过程出现在10-12个月左右，尽可能将语音同化为母语类别;否则，它们被感知为听觉或语音（发音）。我们通过使用祖鲁语点击对比对英语听众进行了测试。成年人辨别的点击对比;性能上最困难的（80%正确）并没有减少，即使最明显的声学差异被消除。婴儿表现出良好的辨别力的声学修改的对比，甚至12-24个月。与早期的报告，发展变化的感知非母语的对比，这些研究结果支持语音解释的语言特异性重组的言语感知。（PsycINFO数据库记录（c）2016阿帕，保留所有权利）
The language environment modifies the speech perception abilities found in early development. In particular, adults have difficulty perceiving many nonnative contrasts that young infants discriminate. The underlying perceptual reorganization apparently occurs by 10–12 months. According to one view, it depends on experiential effects on psychoacoustic mechanisms. Alternatively, phonological development has been held responsible, with perception influenced by whether the nonnative sounds occur allophonically in the native language. We hypothesized that a phonemic process appears around 10–12 months that assimilates speech sounds to native categories whenever possible; otherwise, they are perceived in auditory or phonetic (articulatory) terms. We tested this with English-speaking listeners by using Zulu click contrasts. Adults discriminated the click contrasts; performance on the most difficult (80% correct) was not diminished even when the most obvious acoustic difference was eliminated. Infants showed good discrimination of the acoustically modified contrast even by 12–24 months. Together with earlier reports of developmental change in perception of nonnative contrasts, these findings support a phonological explanation of language-specific reorganization in speech perception.(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)