Demographic and substance use factors related to violent and accidental injuries: results from an emergency room study
Demographic and substance use factors related to violent and accidental injuries: results from an emergency room study
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DOI：
10.1016/s0376-8716(98)00184-7
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发表时间：
1999-06-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Cherpitel, CJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Macdonald, S;Wells, S;Cherpitel, CJ
目的本研究的主要目标是确定与暴力伤害、意外伤害和医疗条件或疾病（非受伤）相关的人口统计学和物质使用因素。方法数据进行了检查，从1701例入院急诊室在加拿大两家医院的样本。对这些患者进行了访谈，并提供了尿液样本，以检测酒精、THC、苯二氮卓类药物、巴比妥类药物、吗啡和可待因的药物代谢产物的存在。结果暴力伤害组男性比例明显高于意外伤害组和非伤害组（P < 0.0001）;暴力伤害发生在酒吧或餐馆的比例为37%，显著高于意外伤害的3%和非伤害的2%（P < 0.00001）。暴力伤害组比其他两组更有可能报告在受伤时感受到酒精的影响，并报告酒精使用的负面后果（P < 0.00001）。此外，约42%的暴力伤害者血液酒精含量（BAL）超过80 mg%，而意外伤害者只有4%（P < 0.00001），非伤害者只有2%（P < 0.00001）。在其他物质的药物测试方面，暴力伤害组比意外伤害组更容易测试阳性或苯二氮卓类药物（P < 0.01），而其他药物的所有组间比较均不显著。(C)1999爱思唯尔科学爱尔兰有限公司保留所有权利。
Objective The primary goal of this study was to identify demographic and substance use factors associated with violent injuries, accidental injuries, and medical conditions or illnesses (non-injured). Method Data were examined from a sample of 1701 admissions to emergency rooms at two Canadian hospitals. These patients were interviewed and provided urine samples to detect the presence of drug metabolites for alcohol, THC, benzodiazepines, barbiturates, morphine, and codeine. Results Those with violent injuries were significantly (P < 0.0001) more likely to be male and have lower incomes compared with both the accidental injury and non-injury groups. About 37% of violent injuries occurred ata bar or restaurant, which was significantly more than 3% for accidental injuries and 2% for non-injuries (P < 0.00001). The violent injury group was significantly more likely than the other two groups to report feeling the effects off alcohol at the time of the injury and to report negative consequences of alcohol use (P < 0.00001). Furthermore, about 42% of those with violent injuries had a blood alcohol level (BAL) over 80 mg% compared to only 4% with accidental injuries (P < 0.00001) and 2% of non-injuries (P < 0.00001). In terms of drug tests for other substances, the violent injury group was significantly more likely to test positive or benzodiazepines than the accidental injury group (P < 0.01) while all between group comparisons for other drugs were not significant. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.