Dual-task backward compatibility effects are episodically mediated
Dual-task backward compatibility effects are episodically mediated
复制标题
双任务向后兼容性效应是间歇性介导的
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. Watter
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Giammarco;Sandra J. Thomson;S. Watter
在双任务绩效中，向后兼容性效应（BCE;当任务1和任务2响应兼容时，任务1的反应时间更快）被认为代表任务2响应信息的自动激活与任务1的绩效并行。Hommel和Eglau（Psychological Research，66，260-273，2002）的研究表明，BCE依赖于长期记忆中的刺激-反应学习。然而，Ellenbogen和Meiran（Memory and Cognition，36，968-978，2008）的后续工作提出，BCE是由任务1执行期间工作记忆（WM）中的任务2规则介导的。本研究旨在分离这两种理论主张。在实验1中，我们评估了先前的单任务练习与随后的双任务范式的任务1或任务2的效果。在WM介导的模型预测BCE和整体反应时间的改善相对于先前的任务实践，情景学习模型的基础上，先前的任务2学习的上下文特异性BCE的发散预测。结果表明，情节的预测和矛盾的WM模型预测密切配合。实验2研究了细粒度的时间过程中的BCE在最初的发展，随后的干扰，这最初的学习BCE发展与新的冲突任务2的反应映射，并最终重建BCE在原来的双重任务。数据再次显示与长期学习预测的密切一致。我们主张赞成的情景帐户的BCE，并考虑影响WM和情景机制的自动反应激活双任务性能的其他方面。
In dual-task performance, the backward compatibility effect (BCE; faster Task 1 reaction time when Task 1 and Task 2 responses are compatible) is thought to represent automatic activation of Task 2 response information in parallel with attended Task 1 performance. Work by Hommel and Eglau (Psychological Research, 66, 260–273, 2002) has suggested the BCE relies on stimulus-response learning in long-term memory. Subsequent work by Ellenbogen and Meiran (Memory and Cognition, 36, 968–978, 2008), however, proposed that the BCE is mediated by Task 2 rules held in working memory (WM) during Task 1 performance. The present study aimed to dissociate these two theoretical claims. In Experiment 1, we assessed the effects of prior single-task practice with Task 1 or Task 2 of a subsequent dual-task paradigm. Where the WM-mediated model predicts both BCE and overall reaction time improvement relative to prior task practice, an episodic learning model makes divergent predictions for BCE based on the context specificity of prior Task 2 learning. Results showed a close fit with episodic predictions and contradicted WM model predictions. Experiment 2 examined the finer grained timecourse of BCE over initial development, subsequent interference of this initial learning on BCE development with new conflicting Task 2 response mappings, and finally reestablishment of BCE in the original dual task. Data again showed close agreement with long-term learning predictions. We argue in favor of an episodic account of the BCE, and consider implications of WM and episodic mechanisms of automatic response activation on other aspects of dual-task performance.
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
M. Botvinick;T. Braver;D. Barch;C. Carter;J. Cohen
通讯作者：
M. Botvinick;T. Braver;D. Barch;C. Carter;J. Cohen