Negative reinforcement reveals non-evoked ongoing pain in mice with tissue or nerve injury.
Negative reinforcement reveals non-evoked ongoing pain in mice with tissue or nerve injury.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.jpain.2012.03.011
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发表时间:
2012-06
期刊:
影响因子:
4
通讯作者:
Wang, Zaijie Jim
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
He, Ying;Tian, Xuebi;Hu, Xiaoyu;Porreca, Frank;Wang, Zaijie Jim
关键词:
Patients with chronic pain experience spontaneous or ongoing pain as well as enhanced sensitivity to evoked stimuli. Spontaneous or ongoing pain is rarely evaluated in preclinical studies. In fact, it remains controversial whether ongoing or spontaneous pain even develops in mice after tissue or nerve injury. This study tested a hypothesis that negative reinforcement can be used to unmask the presence of pain in mice with tissue or nerve injury. We found that spinal administration of clonidine or lidocaine did not elicit CPP in uninjured or sham-operated mice. However, these agents produced CPP in mice with chronic inflammation induced by complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) or following L5/L6 spinal nerve ligation (SNL). These data indicate the presence of non-evoked (i.e., stimulus-independent) ongoing pain in mice with chronic inflammation (CFA) or following nerve injury (SNL). In addition, this study validates the use of negative reinforcement to unmask non-evoked ongoing pain in mice. Given the existence of a large collection of transgenic and knockout mice, our data show the application of this approach to elucidate molecular mechanisms underlying non-evoked pain and to contribute to drug discovery for pain. We demonstrated the presence of non-evoked ongoing pain in mice with chronic inflammation or following nerve injury. The study also validates the use of negative reinforcement to unmask non-evoked pain in mice. We propose to apply this approach to identify molecular mechanisms and effective drugs for chronic pain.
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DOI:
10.1124/jpet.107.132167
发表时间:
2008-04-01
影响因子:
3.5
作者:
Luo, Fang;Yang, Cheng;Wang, Zaijie Jim
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Wang, Zaijie Jim
DOI:
10.1523/jneurosci.4346-09.2010
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2010-01-06
期刊:
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience
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作者:
Chen Y;Yang C;Wang ZJ
通讯作者:
Wang ZJ
影响因子:
3.3
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通讯作者:
Porreca F
DOI:
10.1016/j.jpain.2011.01.010
发表时间:
2011-08
期刊:
The journal of pain
影响因子:
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Davoody L;Quiton RL;Lucas JM;Ji Y;Keller A;Masri R
通讯作者:
Masri R
DOI:
10.1124/jpet.109.152165
发表时间:
2009-08-01
影响因子:
3.5
作者:
Chen, Yan;Luo, Fang;Wang, Zaijie Jim
通讯作者:
Wang, Zaijie Jim