Experimental evolution of conflict mediation between genomes.
Experimental evolution of conflict mediation between genomes.
复制标题
基因组之间冲突调解的实验进化。
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0405738102
复制
发表时间：
2005
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Bull,JamesJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sachs,JoelL;Bull,JamesJ
生物复杂性向新水平的转变通常需要组成个体之间的合作，但这些组成部分之间的个体选择可能有利于阻碍合作进化的自私。具有合作和冲突元素的生物系统尤其难以理解，因为进化的方向是不确定的，如果不知道哪种类型的自私突变和相互作用可能出现，就无法预测。在这里，我们研究了两种噬菌体（f1和IKe）的进化，实验迫使它们服从具有合作和冲突元素的生命周期，其结果可能从种群灭绝（由于自私元素的选择）到极端合作。我们的研究结果显示了促进合作的冲突调解系统的新发展。具体来说，这两种病毒进化到将它们的基因组共同包装到一个蛋白质外壳中，确保彼此共同传播，几乎消除了冲突。此后，IKe进化出了极端的基因组缩减，以至于失去了独立于f1制造自己的病毒体的能力。我们的研究结果平行于自然界中存在的各种冲突调解机制：共生体中减少的基因组的进化，合作伙伴的共同传播，以及合作物种之间的强制共存。
Transitions to new levels of biological complexity often require cooperation among component individuals, but individual selection among those components may favor a selfishness that thwarts the evolution of cooperation. Biological systems with elements of cooperation and conflict are especially challenging to understand because the very direction of evolution is indeterminate and cannot be predicted without knowing which types of selfish mutations and interactions can arise. Here, we investigated the evolution of two bacteriophages (f1 and IKe) experimentally forced to obey a life cycle with elements of cooperation and conflict, whose outcome could have ranged from extinction of the population (due to selection of selfish elements) to extreme cooperation. Our results show thede novoevolution of a conflict mediation system that facilitates cooperation. Specifically, the two phages evolved to copackage their genomes into one protein coat, ensuring cotransmission with each other and virtually eliminating conflict. Thereafter, IKe evolved such extreme genome reduction that it lost the ability to make its own virions independent of f1. Our results parallel a variety of conflict mediation mechanisms existing in nature: evolution of reduced genomes in symbionts, cotransmission of partners, and obligate coexistence between cooperating species.