Tissue engineering of cartilage in space
Tissue engineering of cartilage in space
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.94.25.13885
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发表时间：
1997-12-09
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
VunjakNovakovic, G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Freed, LE;Langer, R;VunjakNovakovic, G
软骨组织工程，即在合成聚合物支架上体外培养软骨细胞，在和平号空间站和地球上进行了研究。具体来说，由牛关节软骨细胞和聚乙醇酸支架组成的三维细胞聚合物构建体在旋转生物反应器中生长，首先在地球上生长 3 个月，然后在 Mir (10(-4) - 10(-6) g) 或地球 (1 g) 上再生长 4 个月。这项任务提供了一个独特的机会来研究长期细胞培养飞行实验的可行性，并评估太空飞行对模型肌肉骨骼组织的生长和功能的影响。这两种环境都产生了软骨结构，每个重量在 0.3 至 0.4 克之间，由合成蛋白多糖和 II 型胶原蛋白的活分化细胞组成。与地球群体相比，米尔生长的构造体更呈球形、更小且机械性能较差。相同的生物反应器系统可用于软骨和其他组织的各种受控微重力研究。这些结果可能对人类航天（例如火星任务）和临床医学（例如，提高对假失重对长时间固定、水疗和子宫内发育的影响的理解）产生影响。
Tissue engineering of cartilage, i.e., the in vitro cultivation of cartilage cells on synthetic polymer scaffolds, was studied on the Mir Space Station and on Earth. Specifically, three-dimensional cell-polymer constructs consisting of bovine articular chondrocytes and polyglycolic acid scaffolds were grown in rotating bioreactors, first for 3 months on Earth and then for an additional 4 months on either Mir (10(-4) - 10(-6) g) or Earth (1 g). This mission provided a unique opportunity to study the feasibility of long-term cell culture flight experiments and to assess the effects of spaceflight on the growth and function of a model musculoskeletal tissue. Both environments yielded cartilaginous constructs, each weighing between 0.3 and 0.4 g and consisting of viable, differentiated cells that synthesized proteoglycan and type II collagen. Compared with the Earth group, Mir-grown constructs were more spherical, smaller, and mechanically inferior. The same bioreactor system can be used for a variety of controlled microgravity studies of cartilage and other tissues. These results may have implications for human spaceflight, e.g., a Mars mission, and clinical medicine, e.g., improved understanding of the effects of pseudo-weightlessness in prolonged immobilization, hydrotherapy, and intrauterine development.