Multi-functional BST2/tetherin against HIV-1, other viruses and LINE-1.

Multi-functional BST2/tetherin against HIV-1, other viruses and LINE-1.
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针对 HIV-1、其他病毒和 LINE-1 的多功能 BST2/tetherin

DOI:
10.3389/fcimb.2022.979091
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发表时间:
2022
影响因子:
5.7
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
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骨髓基质细胞抗原2(BST 2),也称为CD 317、HM 1.24或系链蛋白,是一种II型跨膜糖蛋白。它的表达由IFN-1诱导,并通过将包膜HIV-1颗粒直接捕获到细胞表面来启动宿主免疫应答。这种对病毒的拮抗机制可归因于BST 2的独特结构。除了其抗病毒活性外,BST 2还通过独特的机制限制逆转录转座子LINE-1。作为对抗措施,不同的病毒使用各种蛋白质来中和BST 2的功能甚至稳定性。有趣的是,BST 2似乎对免疫调节和病毒传播既有积极影响,也有消极影响。本文综述了BST 2在抗HIV-1和抑制逆转录转座子LINE-1激活中的结构和功能基础之间的关系,并重点介绍了BST 2在免疫调节和调节病毒增殖中的双重功能。
Bone marrow stromal cell antigen 2 (BST2), also known as CD317, HM1.24, or tetherin, is a type II transmembrane glycoprotein. Its expression is induced by IFN-I, and it initiates host immune responses by directly trapping enveloped HIV-1 particles onto the cell surface. This antagonistic mechanism toward the virus is attributable to the unique structure of BST2. In addition to its antiviral activity, BST2 restricts retrotransposon LINE-1 through a distinct mechanism. As counteractive measures, different viruses use a variety of proteins to neutralize the function or even stability of BST2. Interestingly, BST2 seems to have both a positive and a negative influence on immunomodulation and virus propagation. Here, we review the relationship between the structural and functional bases of BST2 in anti-HIV-1 and suppressing retrotransposon LINE-1 activation and focus on its dual features in immunomodulation and regulating virus propagation.
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