The Flagellum Attachment Zone: 'The Cellular Ruler' of Trypanosome Morphology.
The Flagellum Attachment Zone: 'The Cellular Ruler' of Trypanosome Morphology.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.pt.2015.12.010
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发表时间：
2016-04
影响因子：
9.6
通讯作者：
Gull K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sunter JD;Gull K
布氏锥虫细胞形状的一个定义特征是鞭毛与细胞体的侧向附着，由鞭毛附着区（FAZ）介导。FAZ是一种复杂的细胞骨架结构，通过两层膜将鞭毛骨架连接到细胞骨架。FAZ通过调节细胞长度和细胞器位置充当形态的“细胞统治者”，因此对于细胞分裂和生命周期分化都至关重要。在这里，我们提供了一个概述的进展，我们的理解的组成，组装和功能的FAZ。鞭毛附着区（FAZ）是一个大的细胞骨架结构，通过鞭毛和细胞体的膜将鞭毛骨架连接到细胞体细胞骨架。该结构可分为八个区域。FAZ是调节细胞长度和细胞器定位的关键形态发生结构。最近的研究已经确定了许多FAZ蛋白。这些蛋白质的一个子集的功能已经通过RNAi进行了研究，揭示了从鞭毛分离到细胞器定位效应的一系列不同的表型。FAZ的组装发生在其近端-与鞭毛轴丝和鞭毛旁杆的极性相反。
A defining feature of Trypanosoma brucei cell shape is the lateral attachment of the flagellum to the cell body, mediated by the flagellum attachment zone (FAZ). The FAZ is a complex cytoskeletal structure that connects the flagellum skeleton through two membranes to the cytoskeleton. The FAZ acts as a ‘cellular ruler’ of morphology by regulating cell length and organelle position and is therefore critical for both cell division and life cycle differentiations. Here we provide an overview of the advances in our understanding of the composition, assembly, and function of the FAZ. The flagellum attachment zone (FAZ) is a large cytoskeletal structure that connects the flagellum skeleton to the cell body cytoskeleton through the membrane of both the flagellum and the cell body. The structure can be divided into eight zones. The FAZ is a key morphogenetic structure regulating both cell length and organelle positioning. Recent studies have identified numerous FAZ proteins. The function of a subset of these proteins has been studied by RNAi, revealing a range of different phenotypes from flagellum detachment to organelle positioning effects. The assembly of the FAZ occurs at its proximal end – the opposite polarity to that of the flagellar axoneme and paraflagellar rod.