Emerging satellite observations for diurnal cycling of ecosystem processes
Emerging satellite observations for diurnal cycling of ecosystem processes
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DOI：
10.1038/s41477-021-00952-8
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发表时间：
2021-07
期刊：
影响因子：
18
通讯作者：
J. Xiao;J. Fisher;H. Hashimoto;K. Ichii;N. Parazoo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Xiao;J. Fisher;H. Hashimoto;K. Ichii;N. Parazoo
植物碳吸收和水分利用的昼夜循环及其对水和热胁迫的响应，为评估生态系统生产力、农业生产和管理实践、碳和水循环以及对气候的反馈提供了直接的见解。温度、光照、大气需水量、土壤湿度和叶水势在一天中变化，导致气孔导度、光合作用和蒸腾作用的日变化。极地轨道卫星的地球观测无法研究这些日变化。在这里，我们回顾了新兴的卫星观测，有可能研究植物功能和生态系统过程在昼夜周期的过程中发生变化。最近发射的生态系统空间站星载热辐射计实验（ECOSTRESS）和轨道碳观测站-3（OCO-3）提供了一天中不同时间的地表温度、蒸散量、总初级生产量和太阳诱导叶绿素荧光数据。Himawari-8号和GOES-R系列等新一代业务地球静止卫星可提供关于地表温度、太阳辐射、全球平均功率和蒸散量的连续高频数据。GeoCarb、克里思和Sentinel-4等未来的卫星飞行任务也计划具备对太阳引起的叶绿素荧光进行昼夜采样的能力。我们探索了前所未有的机会，以表征和理解GPP，ET和水利用效率如何在一天中随温度和水压力以及管理实践而变化。我们还设想，这些新出现的观测结果将彻底改变气候变化背景下植物功能和生态系统过程的研究，这些观测结果和发现可以为农业和森林管理提供信息，并导致地球系统模型和气候预测的改进。
Diurnal cycling of plant carbon uptake and water use, and their responses to water and heat stresses, provide direct insight into assessing ecosystem productivity, agricultural production and management practices, carbon and water cycles, and feedbacks to the climate. Temperature, light, atmospheric water demand, soil moisture and leaf water potential vary over the course of the day, leading to diurnal variations in stomatal conductance, photosynthesis and transpiration. Earth observations from polar-orbiting satellites are incapable of studying these diurnal variations. Here, we review the emerging satellite observations that have the potential for studying how plant functioning and ecosystem processes vary over the course of the diurnal cycle. The recently launched ECOsystem Spaceborne Thermal Radiometer Experiment on Space Station (ECOSTRESS) and Orbiting Carbon Observatory-3 (OCO-3) provide land surface temperature, evapotranspiration (ET), gross primary production (GPP) and solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence data at different times of day. New generation operational geostationary satellites such as Himawari-8 and the GOES-R series can provide continuous, high-frequency data of land surface temperature, solar radiation, GPP and ET. Future satellite missions such as GeoCarb, TEMPO and Sentinel-4 are also planned to have diurnal sampling capability of solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence. We explore the unprecedented opportunities for characterizing and understanding how GPP, ET and water use efficiency vary over the course of the day in response to temperature and water stresses, and management practices. We also envision that these emerging observations will revolutionize studies of plant functioning and ecosystem processes in the context of climate change and that these observations and findings can inform agricultural and forest management and lead to improvements in Earth system models and climate projections.