Optically Clear Films of Formamidinium Lead Bromide Perovskite for Wide-Band-Gap, Solution-Processed, Semitransparent Solar Cells.
Optically Clear Films of Formamidinium Lead Bromide Perovskite for Wide-Band-Gap, Solution-Processed, Semitransparent Solar Cells.
复制标题
用于宽带隙溶液加工半透明太阳能电池的甲脒溴化铅钙钛矿光学透明薄膜。
DOI：
10.1021/acsami.1c10657
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
9.5
通讯作者：
J. E. Halpert
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sunil B. Shivarudraiah;Neha Tewari;Michael Ng;C.;Dezhang Chen;J. E. Halpert
溶剂工程和反溶剂方法已被广泛用于制备高质量、均匀和结晶的钙钛矿薄膜。通常使用高浓度（>1.1 M）前驱体溶液来实现最大的功率转换效率（PCE），大多数制造研究集中在碘基金属卤化物钙钛矿（MHPs）上。然而，高浓度的前驱体不适合半透明（ST） MHP太阳能电池（STPSCs），这需要更薄的薄膜来实现高的平均可见光透过率（AVT）。由于反溶剂结晶过程的复杂性，用一步法沉积可变浓度的高质量钙钛矿是具有挑战性的。在这里，我们开发了一种基于光致发光（PL）测量的原位技术来确定甲脒基溴化铅（FAPbBr3）中抗溶剂结晶的最佳延迟时间。通过监测原位PL，在一定浓度范围内很容易识别成核、晶体生长和早期钙钛矿形成相。随后，我们制作了不透明和ST太阳能电池，其光学透明，ST钙钛矿薄膜由不同浓度的前驱体形成。在透明银纳米线电极的p-i-n型FAPbBr3钙钛矿太阳能电池中，这些全溶液处理的STPSCs的avt分别达到35.6%、42.5%和49.2%，相应的pce分别为5.71%、3.25%和1.86%。这些器件在几周内表现出良好的稳定性，对于STPSCs和使用厚Ag电极生产的不透明电池，Voc高达1.24 V和1.38 V，令人印象深刻。这项工作证明了原位光谱的潜在用途，以定制不同浓度的卤化物钙钛矿的薄膜生长，以及将宽带隙钙钛矿用于具有特殊清晰度和更高Voc的ST太阳能电池的可行性。
Solvent engineering and antisolvent methods have been used extensively to achieve high-quality, homogeneous, and crystalline perovskite thin films. Usually, highly concentrated (>1.1 M) precursor solutions are used to achieve the maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE), and most fabrication studies focus on iodide-based metal halide perovskites (MHPs). However, high concentrations of precursors are not suitable for semitransparent (ST) MHP solar cells (STPSCs), which require thinner films to achieve a high average visible transmittance (AVT). The deposition of high-quality perovskites with variable concentrations in a one-step method is challenging due to the complexity of the antisolvent crystallization process. Here, we have developed an in situ technique based on photoluminescence (PL) measurements to identify the optimum delay time for antisolvent crystallization in formamidinium lead bromide (FAPbBr3). By monitoring the in situ PL, the nucleation, crystal growth, and early perovskite formation phases are easily identified for a range of concentrations. Subsequently, we fabricated opaque and ST solar cells with optically clear, ST perovskite films formed from precursors with varying concentrations. These all-solution-processed STPSCs achieved AVTs of up to 35.6, 42.5, and 49.2%, with the corresponding PCEs of 5.71, 3.25, and 1.86% in p-i-n type, FAPbBr3 perovskite solar cells with transparent Ag nanowire electrodes. These devices show good stability over several weeks and an impressive Voc as high as 1.24 V for STPSCs and 1.38 V for opaque cells produced with a thick Ag electrode. This work demonstrates the potential use of in situ spectroscopy to tailor the film growth of halide perovskites with varying concentrations and the feasibility of using wide-band-gap perovskites for ST solar cells with exceptional clarity and higher Voc.