Biophysical mechanisms that maintain biodiversity through trade-offs.
Biophysical mechanisms that maintain biodiversity through trade-offs.
复制标题
通过权衡维持生物多样性的生物物理机制。
DOI：
10.1038/ncomms7278
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Meyer JR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Meyer JR
权衡被认为是不可避免的，生物物理限制，阻止生物体同时优化多个性状。生物多样性维持的一个主要解释是，如果权衡的形状或几何形状是正确的，那么多物种可以共存。然而，测试这一理论很困难，因为特征数据通常噪音太大，无法辨别形状，或者在体内没有观察到该理论所需的权衡。为了解决这个问题，我们直接从生物物理机制中推断几何结构，导致权衡，通过研究所有活细胞共同的营养吸收和代谢特性来推导两个几何结构。为了检测它们在体内的存在，我们分离了在营养转运蛋白LamB上不同的大肠杆菌属突变体，并发现了这两种权衡的证据。与数据一致，人口遗传学模型结合权衡成功地预测共同维护三个不同的遗传谱系，表明权衡几何可以推导出活细胞的基本原则，并用于预测稳定的遗传多态性。
Trade-offs are thought to arise from inevitable, biophysical limitations that prevent organisms from optimizing multiple traits simultaneously. A leading explanation for biodiversity maintenance is a theory that if the shape, or geometry, of a trade-off is right, then multiple species can coexist. Testing this theory, however, is difficult as trait data is usually too noisy to discern shape, or trade-offs necessary for the theory are not observedin vivo. To address this, we infer geometry directly from the biophysical mechanisms that cause trade-offs, deriving the geometry of two by studying nutrient uptake and metabolic properties common to all living cells. To test for their presencein vivowe isolatedEscherichia colimutants that vary in a nutrient transporter, LamB, and found evidence for both trade-offs. Consistent with data, population genetics models incorporating the trade-offs successfully predict the co-maintenance of three distinct genetic lineages, demonstrating that trade-off geometry can be deduced from fundamental principles of living cells and used to predict stable genetic polymorphisms.