Primary succession on glacier forelands in the subantarctic Kerguelen Islands
Primary succession on glacier forelands in the subantarctic Kerguelen Islands
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DOI：
10.2307/3237225
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发表时间：
1998-02-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Bellido, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Frenot, Y;Gloaguen, JC;Bellido, A
在凯尔盖朗群岛安培冰川前（49 ° 30' S，69 ° 30' E）的新近冰消区进行了初级演替研究。植被，殖民化过程和土壤发育进行了调查，在7个网站上的冲积平原超过5公里的距离，并代表一个> 200岁的年代序列。有7种植物参与了演替，表现出4种变化模式：（1）先锋型（豌豆、早熟禾、山龙眼和卷耳）;（2）中间型（羊茅）;（3）晚期定居型（Azorella selago）;（4）波动型（剪股颖）。其中两个先驱是引进物种（豌豆和卷耳）。总的植物覆盖率随着年龄的增长而显着增加，但从未超过4.2%。在这项研究中观察到的植物演替模式似乎与土壤发育有关。根构型和土壤中的细颗粒动力学可以解释不同物种的行为沿着时序。先锋种有一个非常浅的根系，而中间和晚期殖民者更深，更长的根。在最古老的群落中，紫萍的优势可能是由于其独特的根系与土壤中泥沙覆盖物的垂直分布有关。
Primary succession was studied on recently deglaciated areas in front of the Ampere Glacier, Kerguelen Islands (49 degrees 30' S, 69 degrees 30' E). Vegetation, colonization processes and soil development were investigated on seven sites on the outwash plain over a distance of 5 km and representing a > 200-yr old chronosequence. Seven species are involved in the succession, showing four patterns of change: (1) 'pioneer' (Pea kerguelensis, Poa annua, Colobanthus kerguelensis and Cerastium fontanum); (2) 'intermediate' (Festuca contracta); (3) 'late colonizer' (Azorella selago); and (4) 'fluctuating' (Agrostis magellanica). Two of the pioneers are introduced species (Pea annua and Cerastium). The total plant cover increases significantly with the age of the sites but never exceeds 4.2 %. The plant succession pattern observed in this study appears to be related to soil development. Root architecture and fine particle dynamics in the soil may explain the behaviour of the different species along the chronosequence. The pioneer species have a very shallow root system whereas the intermediate and late colonizers are deeper and longer rooted. The dominance of Azorella selago (Apiaceae) in the oldest community may be attributed to its unique root system in relation to the vertical distribution of silt cappings in the soil.