Impact of the use of biofertilizers on cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum ) crop under irrigated agro-ecosystem
Impact of the use of biofertilizers on cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum ) crop under irrigated agro-ecosystem
复制标题
灌溉农业生态系统下使用生物肥料对棉花（Gossypium hirsutum）作物的影响
DOI：
10.1080/03650340400029275
复制
发表时间：
2005
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
K. Lakshminarayana
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
N. Narula;B. Saharan;Vivek Kumar;R. Bhatia;L. Bishnoi;B. Lather;K. Lakshminarayana
将固氮能力强、能溶解磷酸盐、可产生植物激素的固氮菌属、固氮螺菌属、醋杆菌属和假单胞菌属的菌株用作棉花的接种剂。根据它们对根/茎长度和趋化行为的影响来筛选重要的培养物。所选的生物接种剂先前已针对其有益特性（如固氮（乙炔还原活性）、氨排泄、吲哚乙酸产生等）进行了测试。还进一步对这些生物接种剂的磷酸盐溶解特性进行了测试。在田间条件下（与小麦类似），用本地棉（HD 123）和美国棉（H 1098）对各种选定的菌株进行了测试。在收获时测定植株高度和棉铃重量，而分别在30、80和130天后测定接种细菌的存活率。在2000 - 2001年，根据每株棉铃数和棉铃重量，AVK 51（每株36个；76.2克）、HT 57（每株27个；56.9克）、AC18（每株33个；61.5克）、Ala 27（每株36个；61.4克）和假单胞菌（每株34个；71.3克）对美国棉和本地棉品种均被确定为效果显著。播种30天后，Mac 68（33.4×10⁵）的存活率最高，其次是HT54（31.5×10⁵），80天后存活率下降，到130天保持稳定。所有培养物都呈现这种趋势。2001 - 2002年观察到了类似的结果。观察到使用圆褐固氮菌（AVK51）生物接种剂可为棉花作物节省25千克/公顷的氮肥。
High nitrogen fixing, phosphate solubilizing, phytohormones producing isolates of Azotobacter, Azospirillum, Acetobacter and Pseudomonas were used as inoculants for cotton. Important cultures were selected on the basis of their effect on root/shoot length and chemotactic behaviour. Selected bioinoculants were earlier tested for their beneficial properties like nitrogen fixation (ARA), ammonia excretion, IAA production etc. These bio-inoculants were further tested for phosphate solubilization property. Various chosen strains were tested with Desi (HD 123) and American (H 1098) cotton under field conditions (as for wheat). Plant height and boll weight were determined at the time of harvesting whereas survival rate of inoculated bacteria was determined after 30, 80 and 130 days respectively. In the year 2000–01, on the basis of boll number and boll weight plant−1 AVK 51 (36; 76.2 g plant−1), HT 57 (27; 56.9 g plant−1), AC18 (33; 61.5 g plant−1), Ala 27 (36; 61.4 g plant−1) and Pseudomonas (34; 71.3 g plant−1) were identified as significant both for American and desi cotton varieties. Highest survival rate was observed with Mac 68 (33.4 × 105) followed by HT54 (31.5 × 105) after 30 days of sowing, which decreased after 80 days and remained constant up to 130 days. This trend was observed with all the cultures. Similar results were observed in 2001–02. 25 kg ha−1 N saving was observed with A. chroococcum (AVK51) bioinoculant for cotton crop.