Male sperm whale behaviour during exposures to distant seismic survey pulses
Male sperm whale behaviour during exposures to distant seismic survey pulses
复制标题
雄性抹香鲸在暴露于遥远的地震勘测脉冲时的行为
DOI：
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发表时间：
2002
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Wahlberg
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Madsen;B. Møhl;B. Nielsen;M. Wahlberg
描述和讨论了成年雄性抹香鲸在极地水域(69$20%N，15$40%E)暴露于远距离(2 0k M)地震勘测船和人造尾巴脉冲中的行为。用大口径阵列记录的五个小时既有气枪脉冲，也有抹香鲸的滴答声。由于浅海中的多路径传播，接收到的地震勘探脉冲被及时抹去，并进行了高通滤波。接收到的脉冲具有“在210-260赫兹的频率范围内的10分贝频谱含量和最大值”10分贝持续时间为1400ms。估计鲸鱼接收到的最大声压为146分贝Re 1“Pa(p-p)(124分贝Re 1”Pa 2单能项)。暴露在地震探测脉冲下并没有引起明显的回避，鲸鱼在该地区至少停留了13天。在进食潜水过程中，鲸鱼也没有保持沉默或改变正常的发声模式。似乎在这个栖息地和在这些接收到的水平上觅食的雄性抹香鲸并不比一般的鲸目动物更容易受到气枪脉冲的影响。在人工尾声发射期间，鲸鱼的声级尚不清楚，抹香鲸并没有像之前的调查报告那样停止发出滴答声，但两头鲸鱼似乎将它们的高功率窄波束声纳对准尾巴发射器。
The behaviour of adult, male sperm whales in polar waters (69$ 20% N, 15$ 40% E) during exposure to pulses from ar emote (>2 0k m) seismic survey vessel and artificial codas is described and discussed. Five hours of recordings with al arge aperture array contained both air gun pulses and sperm whale clicks. The seismic survey pulses received were smeared-out in time and high-pass filtered due to multipath propagation in shallow water. The pulses received had a " 10 dB spectrum content in the frequency range of 210‐260 Hz and am aximum " 10 dB duration of 1400 ms. Estimated maximum sound pressure received at the whales were 146 dB re 1 " Pa (p-p) (124 dB re 1 " Pa 2 si ne nergy terms). The exposure to the seismic survey pulses did not elicit observable avoidance and the whales stayed in the area for at least 13 days of exposure. Nor did the whales fall silent or change their normal vocal patterns during feeding dives. It appears that foraging male sperm whales in this habitat and at these received levels are not more susceptible to air gun pulses than are cetaceans in general. During emissions of artificial codas, sound levels at the whales being unknown, the sperm whales did not cease clicking as reported from previous investigations, but two whales seemed to direct their high power, narrow-beam sonar towards the coda transmitter.