A global synthesis on the effects of thinning on hydrological processes: Implications for forest management
A global synthesis on the effects of thinning on hydrological processes: Implications for forest management
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关于间伐对水文过程影响的全球综合：对森林管理的影响
DOI：
10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120324
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
X.H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
2.del Campo;A.D.;Otsuki;K.;Serengil;Y.;Blanco;J.A.;Yousefpour;R.;Wei;X.H.
森林疏伐会显著影响水文过程。然而，这些影响在很大程度上因森林类型、气候、间伐强度和水文变量而异。了解这些影响及其变化可以显着支持间伐处理的设计和选择，以确保所需的水文效益。在这篇全球层面的综述论文中，我们报告了第一个关于间伐对主要水文过程影响的综合荟萃分析，重点是降雨分配、土壤水分和蒸散过程。综合和审查的研究包括各大洲不同的生物物理条件（气候和森林生态系统）、造林系统和时间尺度（从几周到几十年）。结果表明，间伐后净降水量、土壤含水量和树层水分利用率显著增加（相对于对照的效应量分别为1.19、1.14和1.56），而树干茎流和蒸腾量显著减少（相对于对照的效应量分别为0.42和0.6）。间伐强度约为林分密度的50%被确定为阈值或超过该阈值水文过程受到显着影响。间伐效应的持续时间可设定为2.6 - 4.3年（穿透雨）和3.1-8.6年（土壤水分和蒸腾），要求重复间伐，以有效地维持这些效应。这些全球平均值可以作为评估和比较的基准，但间伐的效果取决于当地的生物物理条件和间伐处理。对其他水文变量的研究表明，间伐通常会增加径流量，从而增加产水量和地下水补给。间伐对水分利用效率（WUE）也有积极或有限的作用，但它通过提高WUE减轻了干旱的影响。对水质的中度不利影响可以通过适当的森林管理来防止土壤退化。然而，需要在研究相对较少的地区进行更多的研究，以支持对这些已审查的水文变量进行更可靠的分析。在气候变化的背景下，综合和审查的结果的管理影响的建议和讨论。
Forest thinning can significantly affect hydrological processes. However, these effects largely vary with forest types, climate, thinning intensity, and hydrological variables of interest. Understanding these effects and their variations can significantly support thinning treatments' design and selection to ensure desired hydrological benefits. In this global-level review paper, we report the first comprehensive meta-analysis on the effects of thinning on major hydrological processes with an emphasis on rainfall partitioning, soil moisture and evapotranspiration processes. The synthesized and reviewed studies encompass different biophysical conditions (climate and forest ecosystems), silvicultural systems, and time scales (from weeks to decades) across continents. The results showed a significant increase in net precipitation, soil moisture and tree-level water use after thinning (the effect sizes are 1.19, 1.14 and 1.56 relative to the value of the control, respectively), while decreases in stemflow and transpiration (the effect sizes of 0.42 and 0.6 relative to the value of the control, respectively). Thinning intensity of about 50% of the stand density is determined as the threshold at or over which hydrological processes are significantly affected. The duration of thinning effect can be set between 2.6 and 4.3 (throughfall) and 3.1–8.6 years (soil moisture and transpiration), asking for repeated thinning in order to effectively sustain these effects. These global averages can serve as benchmarks for assessment and comparisons, but the effects of thinning depend on local biophysical conditions and thinning treatments. The literature review on the rest of the studied hydrological variables suggests that thinning generally enhance runoff to increase water yield and groundwater recharge. Thinning can also have a positive or limited role in water use efficiency (WUE), but it mitigates the effects of drought through increasing WUE. Moderate adverse effects on water quality can be prevented by adequate forest managements to prevent soil degradation. Nevertheless, more researches at relatively less studied regions are needed to support a more robust analysis of these reviewed hydrological variables. The management implications of the synthesized and reviewed results are suggested and discussed within the context of climate change.