Retention of Delta Ferrite in the Heat-Affected Zone of Grade 91 Steel Dissimilar Metal Welds

Retention of Delta Ferrite in the Heat-Affected Zone of Grade 91 Steel Dissimilar Metal Welds
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91级钢异种金属焊缝热影响区δ铁素体的保留

DOI:
10.1007/s11661-019-05182-4
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发表时间:
2019
期刊:
Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Alexandrov, Boian T.
Alexandrov, Boian T.
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kuper, Michael W.;Alexandrov, Boian T.

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本研究旨在探讨91级钢含ni基钎料异种金属焊缝粗晶HAZ (chaz)中δ-铁素体的沉积机理。采用625、617、82和P87合金填充金属,采用冷丝气体钨弧焊法制备了4种dmw。在所有焊缝的chaz中都发现了窄带的δ-铁素体晶粒。假设δ-铁氧体保留是由chaz中的局部碳耗尽引起的,通过广泛的热力学和动力学模拟以及冶金表征验证了这一假设。碳在熔合边界上的扩散是由91级钢和ni基填充金属之间的碳化学势梯度驱动的,这是由基体和填充金属之间的热容量和导热系数差异导致的长高温停留时间所促进的。各DMW的chaz中δ铁氧体的保留量与预测的碳损耗量之间建立了线性关系。625合金钎料碳损耗最大,δ铁素体残留最多,617、82、P87合金次之。碳消耗导致chaz马氏体局部软化。
This study aimed to determine the mechanism ofδ-ferrite retention in the coarse-grained HAZ (CGHAZ) of Grade 91 steel dissimilar metal welds (DMWs) with Ni-based filler metals. This phenomenon was investigated in four DMWs made with cold-wire gas tungsten arc process using Alloys 625, 617, 82, and P87 filler metals. A narrow band ofδ-ferrite grains was identified in the CGHAZ in all welds. It was hypothesized thatδ-ferrite retention was caused by local carbon depletion in the CGHAZ, which was validated through extensive thermodynamic and kinetic simulations and metallurgical characterization. Carbon diffusion across the fusion boundary was driven by the carbon chemical potential gradient between Grade 91 steel and the Ni-based filler metals, which was facilitated by long high-temperature dwell times resulting from a difference in heat capacity and thermal conductivity between the base and filler metals. A linear relationship was established between the amounts of retainedδferrite and the predicted carbon depletion in the CGHAZ of each DMW. Alloy 625 filler metal generated the largest extent of carbon depletion and the most retainedδferrite, followed by Alloys 617, 82, and P87. The carbon depletion resulted in local softening of the CGHAZ martensite.
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