Sleep timing and duration in indigenous villages with and without electric lighting on Tanna Island, Vanuatu
Sleep timing and duration in indigenous villages with and without electric lighting on Tanna Island, Vanuatu
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DOI：
10.1038/s41598-019-53635-y
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发表时间：
2019-11-21
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Mistlberger, Ralph E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Smit, Andrea N.;Broesch, Tanya;Mistlberger, Ralph E.
据推测，工业化国家的睡眠处于慢性不足状态，部分原因是晚上的光照，这会延迟睡眠开始并根据早上的工作或学校的时间表缩短睡眠。如果是这样，没有电的社会可能会睡得更久。然而，最近对狩猎采集者和牧民过着传统生活方式而没有电力的研究报告说，与工业化人口标准相比，他们的睡眠时间短。为了进一步探索生活方式和电气化对睡眠的影响，我们通过活动记录法测量了瓦努阿图塔纳岛土著美拉尼西亚人的睡眠，他们在有或没有电的村庄过着传统的自给园艺生活方式。与工业化人群的活动记录研究的平均值相比，两组的睡眠时间都很长，效率都很低。在有电的村庄，日落后的光照增加，睡眠开始延迟，夜间睡眠时间减少。这些影响主要是由母乳喂养的母亲生活在电灯下造成的。相对较长的睡眠Tanna可能反映了环境的优势，其中食物供应可靠，气候温和，食肉动物和重大的社会冲突缺席。尽管全天都暴露在户外光线下，但人造晚间光线对睡眠时间和持续时间的影响仍然可以检测到。
It has been hypothesized that sleep in the industrialized world is in chronic deficit, due in part to evening light exposure, which delays sleep onset and truncates sleep depending on morning work or school schedules. If so, societies without electricity may sleep longer. However, recent studies of hunter-gatherers and pastoralists living traditional lifestyles without electricity report short sleep compared to industrialized population norms. To further explore the impact of lifestyles and electrification on sleep, we measured sleep by actigraphy in indigenous Melanesians on Tanna Island, Vanuatu, who live traditional subsistence horticultural lifestyles, in villages either with or without access to electricity. Sleep duration was long and efficiency low in both groups, compared to averages from actigraphy studies of industrialized populations. In villages with electricity, light exposure after sunset was increased, sleep onset was delayed, and nocturnal sleep duration was reduced. These effects were driven primarily by breastfeeding mothers living with electric lighting. Relatively long sleep on Tanna may reflect advantages of an environment in which food access is reliable, climate benign, and predators and significant social conflict absent. Despite exposure to outdoor light throughout the day, an effect of artificial evening light was nonetheless detectable on sleep timing and duration.