School closures and influenza: systematic review of epidemiological studies.
School closures and influenza: systematic review of epidemiological studies.
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DOI：
10.1136/bmjopen-2012-002149
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发表时间：
2013-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Mangtani, Punam
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jackson, Charlotte;Vynnycky, Emilia;Mangtani, Punam
目的：回顾学校关闭对大流行性流感和季节性流感爆发的影响。设计：系统评价。数据来源：MEDLINE和EMBASE，已识别文章的参考文献列表，关键期刊的手工检索和作者收藏的其他论文。研究选择：如果报告季节性或大流行性流感爆发与计划内或计划外学校关闭一致，则纳入研究。结果：在通过MEDLINE和EMBASE识别的2579篇论文中，有65篇符合纳入综述的条件，沿着14篇来自其他来源。流感发病率在学校关闭后经常下降。当学校重新开放时，这种影响有时会逆转，支持学校关闭在减少发病率方面的因果作用。与关闭学校有关的任何好处似乎在学龄儿童中最大。然而，由于学校往往关闭晚在爆发或其他干预措施同时使用，有时不清楚有多少学校关闭有助于减少incidence.CONCLUSIONS：学校关闭似乎有可能减少流感传播，但在现有数据的异质性意味着最佳策略（例如，理想的长度和关闭时间）仍然不清楚。
OBJECTIVE: To review the effects of school closures on pandemic and seasonal influenza outbreaks.DESIGN: Systematic review.DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE and EMBASE, reference lists of identified articles, hand searches of key journals and additional papers from the authors' collections.STUDY SELECTION: Studies were included if they reported on a seasonal or pandemic influenza outbreak coinciding with a planned or unplanned school closure.RESULTS: Of 2579 papers identified through MEDLINE and EMBASE, 65 were eligible for inclusion in the review along with 14 identified from other sources. Influenza incidence frequently declined after school closure. The effect was sometimes reversed when schools reopened, supporting a causal role for school closure in reducing incidence. Any benefits associated with school closure appeared to be greatest among school-aged children. However, as schools often closed late in the outbreak or other interventions were used concurrently, it was sometimes unclear how much school closure contributed to the reductions in incidence.CONCLUSIONS: School closures appear to have the potential to reduce influenza transmission, but the heterogeneity in the data available means that the optimum strategy (eg, the ideal length and timing of closure) remains unclear.