Economic Benefit for Cuban Laurel Thrips Biological Control
Economic Benefit for Cuban Laurel Thrips Biological Control
复制标题
古巴月桂蓟马生物防治的经济效益
DOI：
10.1093/jee/tov283
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
T. Paine
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
C. Shogren;T. Paine
摘要 古巴月桂蓟马 Gynaikothrips ficorum Marchal（缨翅目：Phlaeothripidae）是加州城市景观和生产苗圃中小叶榕的重要害虫。雌性蓟马在榕树幼叶上取食和产卵，导致扩张的叶子折叠或卷曲成变色的叶瘿。人们曾尝试建立蓟马的专门捕食者天敌，但尚未有成功的报道。我们在 2013 年至 2014 年对同一地区进行了重新采样，1995 年我们在南加州释放了 Montandoniola confusa (= morguesi) Streito 和 Matocq（半翅目：Anthocoridae），但在 1997 年至 1998 年却无法回收个体。与早期样本相比，最近样本中所有三个位置的蓟马虫瘿均显着减少。 M.confusa 存在于所有地点，并且似乎提供了成功的生物控制。生物防治的价值（树叶状况良好的行道树与树叶状况不佳的树木之间的差异）为 58,766,166 美元。如果蓟马损害使叶子状况变得非常差，那么生物防治的价值为 73,402,683 美元。该项目的总成本为 61,830 美元。如果叶子状况不佳，在蓟马生物防治上每花费一美元，所获得的效益从 950 美元到 1,187 美元（如果叶子状况非常差）不等。城市森林的价值常常被低估。经济分析清楚地表明了城市森林成功生物防治的投资回报率非常高，为支持未来的努力提供了令人信服的论据。
Abstract The Cuban laurel thrips, Gynaikothrips ficorum Marchal (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae), is a critical insect pest of Ficus microcarpa in California urban landscapes and production nurseries. Female thrips feed and oviposit on young Ficus leaves, causing the expanding leaves to fold or curl into a discolored leaf gall. There have been attempts to establish specialist predator natural enemies of the thrips, but no success has been reported. We resampled the same areas in 2013–2014 where we had released Montandoniola confusa (= morguesi) Streito and Matocq (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) in southern California in 1995 but had been unable to recover individuals in 1997–1998. Thrips galls were significantly reduced in all three of the locations in the recent samples compared with the earlier samples. M. confusa was present in all locations and appears to be providing successful biological control. The value of the biological control, the difference between street trees in good foliage condition and trees with poor foliage, was $58,766,166. If thrips damage reduced the foliage to very poor condition, the value of biological control was $73,402,683. Total cost for the project was $61,830. The benefit accrued for every dollar spent on the biological control of the thrips ranged from $950, if the foliage was in poor condition, to $1,187, if the foliage was in very poor condition. The value of urban forest is often underappreciated. Economic analyses that clearly demonstrate the very substantial rates of return on investment in successful biological control in urban forests provide compelling arguments for supporting future efforts.