Inositol hexakisphosphate-induced autoprocessing of large bacterial protein toxins.

Inositol hexakisphosphate-induced autoprocessing of large bacterial protein toxins.
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DOI:
10.1371/journal.ppat.1000942
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发表时间:
2010-07-08
期刊:
影响因子:
6.7
通讯作者:
Satchell KJ
Satchell KJ
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Egerer M;Satchell KJ

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大的细菌蛋白毒素将功能性效应域自动转运到真核细胞胞质溶胶,导致细胞功能的改变,最终使感染病原体受益。在这些毒素中,由革兰氏阳性细菌产生的梭菌葡糖基化毒素(CGT)和革兰氏阴性细菌的多功能自动加工RTX(MARTX)毒素具有不同的效应子易位机制,但是共有的易位后自动加工机制从大的全毒素释放这些功能结构域。这些毒素携带嵌入的半胱氨酸蛋白酶结构域(CPD),其通过结合肌醇六磷酸(InsP6)(一种仅在真核细胞中发现的分子)而被激活用于自动加工。因此,InsP6诱导的自加工代表了特异性地在靶细胞内递送毒素效应子的独特机制。本文综述了最近的研究CGT和MARTX毒素的自动加工激活的结构和分子事件,展示了利用这种方法的激活和效应子传递的毒素之间的自动加工的相似和潜在的不同方面。
Large bacterial protein toxins autotranslocate functional effector domains to the eukaryotic cell cytosol, resulting in alterations to cellular functions that ultimately benefit the infecting pathogen. Among these toxins, the clostridial glucosylating toxins (CGTs) produced by Gram-positive bacteria and the multifunctional-autoprocessing RTX (MARTX) toxins of Gram-negative bacteria have distinct mechanisms for effector translocation, but a shared mechanism of post-translocation autoprocessing that releases these functional domains from the large holotoxins. These toxins carry an embedded cysteine protease domain (CPD) that is activated for autoprocessing by binding inositol hexakisphosphate (InsP6), a molecule found exclusively in eukaryotic cells. Thus, InsP6-induced autoprocessing represents a unique mechanism for toxin effector delivery specifically within the target cell. This review summarizes recent studies of the structural and molecular events for activation of autoprocessing for both CGT and MARTX toxins, demonstrating both similar and potentially distinct aspects of autoprocessing among the toxins that utilize this method of activation and effector delivery.
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