Implications of task-induced fatigue effects for in-vehicle countermeasures to driver fatigue
Implications of task-induced fatigue effects for in-vehicle countermeasures to driver fatigue
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DOI：
10.1016/s0001-4575(97)00031-6
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发表时间：
1997-07-01
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Matthews, G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Desmond, PA;Matthews, G
报道了两个驾驶模拟器的研究，它们考察了疲劳效应随任务要求的变化，并为消除驾驶疲劳的系统设计提供了建议。考察了任务要求和疲劳交互作用的两种截然相反的解释。一种解释是，疲劳会耗尽注意力资源，因此当任务要求增加时，疲劳对表现的不利影响就会加剧。另一种解释是，疲劳破坏了努力与任务需求的匹配，因此当任务看起来很容易时，疲惫的司机无法有效地调节努力。在这两项研究中，司机既进行了疲劳驾驶，在第一部分中，他们被要求执行第二次检测任务，也进行了控制驾驶，没有额外的第二次任务。在两次驾驶的最后部分，司机被要求检测道路两侧出现的行人刺激中的移动。在两次驾驶过程中，车辆控制和转向动作都被记录下来。这一结果与应激和持续表现的动态模型一致，表明疲劳可能损害对低负荷条件的适应，但与注意来源的解释不一致。这些特定于任务的疲劳效应对于车载应对驾驶员疲劳具有重要意义。目前实施这类装置的方法不能反映疲劳效应的特定任务性质。疲劳监测设备可能只在某些驾驶环境或环境中有效。因此，可能有必要将基于性能的反馈监控信息与来自导航系统的路线和交通密度信息相结合。(C)1997年爱思唯尔科学有限公司。
Two driving simulator studies are reported which investigate the variation of fatigue effects with task demands and provide recommendations for system design to counteract driver fatigue. Two opposing explanations of the interactive effects of task demands and fatigue were examined. One explanation is that fatigue drains attentional resources, so that detrimental effects of fatigue on performance are accentuated when task demands increase. The alternative explanation is that fatigue disrupts matching of effort to task demands, such that the fatigued driver fails to regulate effort effectively when the task appears easy. In both studies, drivers performed both a fatiguing drive, in the first part of which they were required to perform a secondary detection task, and a control drive with no additional secondary task. In the last part of both drives, drivers were required to detect movement in pedestrian stimuli presented on both sides of the road. Vehicle control and steering movements were logged throughout both drives. The results are consistent with dynamic models of stress and sustained performance which suggest that fatigue may impair adaptation to conditions of underload, but are inconsistent with the attentional resource explanation. These task-specific fatigue effects have important implications for in-vehicle countermeasures to driver fatigue. Current approaches to the implementation of such devices fail to reflect the task-specific nature of fatigue effects. Fatigue-monitoring devices may only be valid in certain driving environments or contexts. Hence, it may be necessary to integrate performance-based feedback monitoring information with route and traffic density information from navigation systems. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd.