Smokeless Tobacco Decision-Making Among Rural Adolescent Males in California
Smokeless Tobacco Decision-Making Among Rural Adolescent Males in California
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DOI：
10.1007/s10900-016-0286-3
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发表时间：
2017-06-01
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Chaffee, Benjamin W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Couch, Elizabeth T.;Darius, Ellen;Chaffee, Benjamin W.
生活在农村地区的美国高中男生的无烟烟草（ST）使用超过了全国水平。已经确定了ST使用风险较高的亚组，但对高风险组内的ST决策知之甚少。本研究的目的是描述农村青少年男性对ST的可接受性、健康风险和社会影响的感知，以及这些感知在ST使用者和从未使用者之间的差异。半结构化的个人访谈进行了有目的的样本55名男性学生（32 ST曾经使用者）在三个农村加州高中。对访谈进行了录音和专业转录。研究人员合作开发了一个基于主题内容的密码本，然后独立编码的成绩单，经常重新召开会议，以达成共识。编码文本按照一般归纳方法系统地组织成主题。ST用户和非用户共享多种ST相关的看法，包括：ST是一种常见的，规范的生活方式在农村“国家”文化中的某些群体; ST的使用传达口腔健康风险;和决定使用（或不使用）是植根于个人的选择。ST使用者和从不使用者的看法不同的直接性，严重性和不可避免的健康风险，特别是相对于吸烟。其他差异包括感知父母的宽容和ST使用的预期社会效益，如同行接受和传达成熟。在农村男性青少年中，ST使用者强调ST使用的社会效益，同时承认但忽视健康风险。生活在类似环境中的青少年对烟草的看法的差异和相似之处可能会为有效的健康传播提供信息。
Smokeless tobacco (ST) use among US high school males living in rural areas exceeds national levels. Subgroups at heightened risk of ST use have been identified, but less is known regarding ST decision-making within high-risk groups. The study objective was to describe rural adolescent males' perceived ST acceptability, health risks, and social implications and how those perceptions differ between ST users and never-users. Semi-structured individual interviews were conducted with a purposeful sample of 55 male students (32 ST ever-users) at three rural California high schools. Interviews were audio recorded and professionally transcribed. Investigators collaboratively developed a codebook based on thematic content and then independently coded transcripts, reconvening frequently to achieve consensus. Coded text was systematically organized into themes following a general inductive approach. ST users and non-users shared multiple ST-related perceptions, including: that ST is a common, normative way of life in rural "country" culture among certain groups; that ST use conveys oral health risks; and that the decision to use (or not to use) is rooted in personal choice. ST users' and never-users' perceptions differed regarding the immediacy, severity, and inevitability of health risks, particularly relative to cigarette smoking. Other differences included perceived parental permissiveness and the expected social benefits of ST use, such as peer acceptance and conveying maturity. Within this population of rural male adolescents, ST users emphasized the social benefits of ST use, while acknowledging but discounting health risks. Differences and similarities in tobacco perceptions among adolescents living in similar environments may inform effective health communication.