Urban research in a hostile setting: Godfrey Wilson in Broken Hill, Northern Rhodesia, 1938-1940
Urban research in a hostile setting: Godfrey Wilson in Broken Hill, Northern Rhodesia, 1938-1940
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敌对环境中的城市研究：北罗得西亚布罗肯希尔的戈弗雷·威尔逊 (Godfrey Wilson)，1938-1940 年
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发表时间：
2015
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通讯作者：
K. T. Hansen
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作者：
K. T. Hansen
戈弗雷·威尔逊发表了一篇关于北罗得西亚有害地质化经济学的论文(第一部分和第二部分，1940和1941)，他的城市人类学研究因其开创性的城市人类学研究而得到认可。戈弗雷·威尔逊的职业生涯因他在第二次世界大战中的去世而中断。20世纪90年代末，开普敦大学莫尼卡和戈弗雷·威尔逊文件的转移和编目使公众能够访问到一个极其丰富的研究档案。第一次，戈弗雷·威尔逊在布罗肯希尔的田野工作笔记使我们能够通过他自己的观察来检查他的研究项目。基于对这些记录的初步概述和对其中一些内容的试探性分析，本文以发表的关于损害经济学的论文为背景，重新审视了布罗肯希尔的研究项目。威尔逊关于暂时城市化的论点通过移民历史、关于在城镇停留时间的信息以及对城市生计经济学的分析得到了证明，这些经济学的重点是工资，包括配给、家庭支出和城乡转移。但这篇发表的文章几乎没有解释他实际上是如何进行实地研究的。尽管几乎没有直接的迹象，但我们可以从笔记中推断出他的一些田野工作实践和田野方法，这些笔记偶尔会让人立即想起二战早期在布罗肯希尔的日常非洲生活的考验和磨难。在这一领域的经历可能会如何影响威尔逊的分析？总体而言，我从两个角度讨论他的作品，第一，在一个以相互冲突的议程为特征的时间和地点的背景下，第二，回顾第二次世界大战早期殖民北罗得西亚的概念空间和时间，已经屈服于不同的解释角度。
Acknowledged for his pioneering urban anthropological research in Broken Hill through the publication of An Essay on the Economics of Detribalization in Northern Rhodesia (Parts I and II, 1940 and 1941), Godfrey Wilson’s professional career was cut short by his death during World War II. The late 1990s transfer and cataloguing at the University of Cape Town of the Monica and Godfrey Wilson papers has made an enormously rich research archive accessible to the public. For the first time, Godfrey Wilson’s notes from his fieldwork in Broken Hill enable us to examine his research project through his own observations. Based on a preliminary overview of these records and a tentative analysis of some of their contents, this article revisits the Broken Hill research project against the background of the published essay on the economics of detribalisation. Wilson’s argument about temporary urbanisation is demonstrated through migration histories, information about length of stay in towns, and an analysis of the economics of urban livelihoods that focuses on wages including rations, household expenditures, and urban–rural transfers. But the published essay barely explains how in fact he conducted his field research. Although there are very few direct indications, we can infer some of his fieldwork practices and field methodology from notes that occasionally evoke an immediate sense of the trials and tribulations of everyday African life in Broken Hill in the early World War II years. How might experiences in the field have influenced Wilson’s analysis? Overall, I discuss his work from two angles, first in the context of a time and place characterised by conflicting agendas, and secondly, in retrospect as the conceptual space and time of early World War II colonial Northern Rhodesia have yielded to different explanatory perspectives.