Area postrema undergoes dynamic postnatal changes in mice and humans.
Area postrema undergoes dynamic postnatal changes in mice and humans.
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区域postrema经历小鼠和人类的产后变化。
DOI：
10.1002/cne.23903
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发表时间：
2016-04-15
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Otero JJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gokozan HN;Baig F;Corcoran S;Catacutan FP;Gygli PE;Takakura AC;Moreira TS;Czeisler C;Otero JJ
哺乳动物的出生后时期是自主神经系统（ANS）发生重大变化的发育时期。在这项研究中，我们专注于出生后最后区的发育，这是一个重要的ANS结构，调节温度，呼吸和饱腹感等活动。我们发现，人类最后区经历了显着的发展变化，在出生后的发展。为了进一步表征这些变化，我们利用转基因小鼠试剂来描绘神经元回路。我们发现，虽然一个良好的ANS支架存在于胚胎发育的早期，最后区显示出延迟成熟。具体而言，出生后0至7天的小鼠显示最后区体积或来自PHOX 2B衍生神经元的突触输入没有显著变化。相比之下，出生后第7-20天显示来自PHOX 2B衍生的神经元的体积和突触输入显著增加。我们的结论是关键的ANS结构显示出意想不到的动态发育变化在出生后的发展。这些数据提供了一个基础，了解ANS功能障碍和疾病的易感性在早产儿和出生后的人。最后区是自主神经系统（ANS）的主要整合者。哺乳动物在出生时表现出ANS不成熟，导致全身性自主神经功能障碍。在这里，Gokozan等人通过结合现代和传统的神经解剖学工具证明，在小鼠和人类的出生后发育过程中，最后区的发育动态变化。这些变化包括在出生后时期的大小和神经支配的增加显着增加。上面的图形摘要说明了我们在这项工作中鉴定的PHOX 2B衍生神经元的最后区大小和突触血管的增加。
The post-natal period in mammals represents a developmental epoch of significant change in the autonomic nervous system (ANS). In this study we focus on post-natal development of the area postrema, a crucial ANS structure that regulates temperature, breathing, and satiety, amongst other activities. We find that the human area postrema undergoes significant developmental changes during post-natal development. To further characterize these changes, we utilized transgenic mouse reagents to delineate neuronal circuitry. We discovered that although a well-formed ANS scaffold exists early in embryonic development, the area postrema shows a delayed maturation. Specifically, postnatal days 0 to 7 in mice show no significant change in area postrema volume or synaptic input from PHOX2B-derived neurons. In contrast, postnatal days 7-20 shows a significant increase in volume and synaptic input from PHOX2B-derived neurons. We conclude that key ANS structures show an unexpected dynamic developmental changes during post-natal development. These data provide a basis for understanding ANS dysfunction and disease predisposition in premature and post-natal humans. The area postrema is a major integrator of the autonomic nervous system (ANS). At birth, mammals show ANS immaturity resulting in generalized dysautonomia. Here, Gokozan et al. by combining modern and traditional neuroanatomical tools demonstrate that the development of the area postrema dynamically changes during postnatal development in mice and humans. These changes include a significant increase in size and increase in the innervation during the post-natal epoch. The graphical abstract above illustrates the increase in area postrema size and in synaptic vessicles derived from PHOX2B-derived neurons that we identified in this work.